Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2025

HD 101581 c

A rocky terrestrial orbiting the k-type orange HIP 56998, located approximately 41.7 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 0.99 Earth radii
  • A mass of 0.94 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 0.96 g
  • An orbital period of 6.204 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0573 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 747 K (474 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 41.68 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.438
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 734,966 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

1 sibling around HIP 56998

HD 101581 c shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
HD 101581 b Rocky Terrestrial 0.96 0.83 4.466 834 2025
HD 101581 c this Rocky Terrestrial 0.99 0.94 6.204 747 2025

HD 101581 c Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
0.99 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.088 R♃
Mass
0.94 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.003 M♃
Density
5.31 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
0.96 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Rocky Terrestrial

ESI Score 0.438
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#346of 570

top 60.5%

This planet

0.99R⊕

Rocky Terrestrial median

1.01R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth HD 101581 c Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.000.9911.21
Mass (M⊕)1.000.94317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.515.311.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.000.962.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.0052.000.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

HD

HD 101581

HIP

HIP 56998

TIC

TIC 397362481

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5378886891122066560

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5378886891123024512

System

HIP 56998

Percentile among Rocky Terrestrial cohort

Radius 0.990 R⊕ · percentile 38 / cohort 570
Mass 0.937 M⊕ · percentile 34 / cohort 570
Orbital period 6.20 d · percentile 63 / cohort 567
Distance 12.78 pc · percentile 8 / cohort 566
ESI 0.438 · percentile 64 / cohort 570

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
6.204 days
Semi-major axis
0.0573 AU
Eccentricity
Inclination
87.93 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 6.20 Earth days (1.7% of a terrestrial year) at a mean orbital distance of 0.0573 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.021 %

Duration

1.760 h

Impact parameter b

0.713

Rp / R★

0.014400

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,460,017.1140

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 211 ppm lasting ≈ 1.76 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.014400

Impact parameter (b)

0.713

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,460,017.1140

Angular separation (arcsec)

4.48000

Eq. Temperature

747K

(474 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

52.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.438

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Kunimoto et al. 2025

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2025-01

Observation locale

Space

Host System: HIP 56998

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

4,675 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

6.88 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.630 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.653 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.34

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.654 dex

Stellar density

4.158 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

12.90 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

2.47 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
12.78 parsec
Light-years 41.68 ly
V-band magnitude
7.77 mag
Voyager-speed travel 734,966 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 8 bands

5.18.98.87B7.77V7.38Gaia6.72TESS6.59Ic5.79J5.27H5.10K

Astrometric Data

Parallax

78.230 mas

Total Proper Motion

703.291 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-660.42 mas/yr

PM Declination

241.80 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.712 · y = 0.059 · z = -0.700

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 175.25630° · Dec -44.40415°

Galactic ℓ, b

289.897° · 16.678°

Ecliptic λ, β

197.470° · -41.719°

HTM-20 index

-345402495

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