Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.17 Earth radii
A mass of 1.42 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.04 g
An orbital period of 0.548 days
Semi-major axis 0.0119 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,617 K (1344 °C)
Distance from Earth 154.57 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.182
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 2,725,897 years
Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

3 siblings around TOI-500

TOI-500 b shares its host star with 3 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet	Type	Radius (R⊕)	Mass (M⊕)	Period (d)	Eq. T (K)	Year
TOI-500 b this	Rocky Terrestrial	1.17	1.42	0.548	1,617	2022
TOI-500 c	Sub-Neptune	2.09	5.03	6.636	—	2022
TOI-500 d	Neptune-like	6.35	33.12	26.233	—	2022
TOI-500 e	Sub-Neptune	3.99	15.05	61.300	—	2022

TOI-500 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.17 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.104 R♃

Mass

1.42 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.004 M♃

Density

4.89 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.04 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Rocky Terrestrial

ESI Score 0.182

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2022

Method Transit

Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)

Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#144of 570

top 25.1%

This planet

1.17R⊕

Rocky Terrestrial median

1.01R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-1955 b 1.17 R⊕ Kepler-1939 b 1.16 R⊕ K2-400 b 1.16 R⊕

Metric	Earth	TOI-500 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.17	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	1.42	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	4.89	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.04	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	1,138.00	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	1.420 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 134200185

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5509620021956148736

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5509620021956148736

System

TOI-500

Percentile among Rocky Terrestrial cohort

Radius 1.166 R⊕ · percentile 75 / cohort 570

Mass 1.420 M⊕ · percentile 58 / cohort 570

Orbital period 0.55 d · percentile 3 / cohort 567

Distance 47.39 pc · percentile 17 / cohort 566

ESI 0.182 · percentile 10 / cohort 570

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

0.548 days

Semi-major axis

0.0119 AU

Eccentricity

0.063

Inclination

82.09 °

Year Length

A year here lasts roughly 13.2 hours long on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0119 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.025 %

Duration

0.998 h

Impact parameter b

0.530

Rp / R★

0.015770

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,458,468.3905

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 249 ppm lasting ≈ 1.00 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.015770

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

3.769

Impact parameter (b)

0.530

RV semi-amplitude (K)

1.350 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,458,468.3905

Long. of periastron (ω)

228.50°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.25100

Eq. Temperature

1,617K

(1344 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

1,138.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.182

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Giacalone et al. 2022

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2022-02

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2022 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

TOI-1452 b · Super-Earth TOI-712 d · Sub-Neptune TOI-1468 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-2136 b · Sub-Neptune LTT 1445 A c · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-712 c · Sub-Neptune LP 890-9 b · Super-Earth TOI-2081 b · Sub-Neptune GJ 3929 b · Rocky Terrestrial HD 260655 c · Super-Earth HD 73583 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-1759 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: TOI-500

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

4,440 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

5.00 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.678 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.740 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.12

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.618 dex

Stellar density

2.322 g/cm³

Rotational v·sin i

1.10 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

47.39 parsec

Light-years 154.57 ly

V-band magnitude

10.54 mag

Voyager-speed travel 2,725,897 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

21.072 mas

Total Proper Motion

199.576 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

135.80 mas/yr

PM Declination

-146.25 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.192 · y = 0.646 · z = -0.738

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 106.55910° · Dec -47.58782°

Galactic ℓ, b

258.097° · -17.333°

Ecliptic λ, β

122.693° · -69.155°

HTM-20 index

-404337505