Transit Timing Variations-Detected Planets: 39 Confirmed…

39 confirmed exoplanets have been identified for the Transit Timing Variations discovery method. First confirmed in 2011; most recent in 2026.

Median radius

3.48 R⊕

Median mass

36.00 M⊕

Median distance

1,275.39 ly

Median ESI

0.33

Discovery Timeline

120111120131212016112018212020122022442024612026

Composition Breakdown

Gas Giant

13

33.3%

Sub-Neptune

12

30.8%

Neptune-like

5

12.8%

Rocky Terrestrial

4

10.3%

Super-Earth

4

10.3%

Unclassified

1

2.6%

Host Spectral Class Mix

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

21

K-type orange

8

F-type yellow-white

6

M-type red dwarf

4

Most Earth-like in this Cohort

ESI 0.994

AU Mic d

Rocky Terrestrial · 1.02 R⊕ · 31.7 ly

ESI 0.924

Kepler-138 e

Rocky Terrestrial · 0.80 R⊕ · 218.1 ly

ESI 0.875

TOI-1266 d

Super-Earth · 1.74 R⊕ · 117.5 ly

ESI 0.754

Kepler-51 e

Sub-Neptune · 2.18 R⊕ · 2,556.5 ly

ESI 0.672

Kepler-725 c

Sub-Neptune · 3.08 R⊕ · 2,473.8 ly

ESI 0.570

Kepler-19 c

Sub-Neptune · 3.68 R⊕ · 712.9 ly

Cohort Extremes

Closest to Earth

AU Mic d

31.7 ly

Largest radius

KOI-984 c

14.10 R⊕

Most massive

Kepler-448 c

6,992.3 M⊕

Hottest equilibrium

TOI-1408 c

1,864 K

Full Catalogue

Planet Host Type Year Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Distance (ly) ESI
AU Mic d AU Mic Rocky Terrestrial 2023 1.02 1.05 31.7 0.994
Kepler-138 e Kepler-138 Rocky Terrestrial 2022 0.80 0.43 218.1 0.924
TOI-1266 d TOI-1266 Super-Earth 2025 1.74 3.68 117.5 0.875
Kepler-51 e Kepler-51 Sub-Neptune 2024 2.18 5.40 2,556.5 0.754
Kepler-725 c Kepler-725 Sub-Neptune 2025 3.08 9.70 2,473.8 0.672
Kepler-19 c Kepler-19 Sub-Neptune 2011 3.68 13.10 712.9 0.570
TOI-2015 c TOI-2015 Sub-Neptune 2025 2.93 8.91 154.4 0.513
Kepler-415 c Kepler-415 Sub-Neptune 2014 2.01 4.70 1,730.2 0.500
Kepler-82 f Kepler-82 Neptune-like 2019 4.84 20.90 2,949.5 0.486
Kepler-411 e Kepler-411 Sub-Neptune 2018 3.28 10.80 501.2 0.443
Kepler-539 c Kepler-539 Gas Giant 2016 13.30 762.79 1,002.3 0.440
TOI-4562 c TOI-4562 Gas Giant 2024 12.80 1,833.87 1,107.6 0.437
Kepler-419 c Kepler-419 Gas Giant 2014 12.60 2,320.10 3,298.6 0.426
Kepler-417 b Kepler-417 Sub-Neptune 2014 2.31 11.00 3,176.7 0.415
Kepler-139 f Kepler-139 Neptune-like 2025 6.67 36.00 1,275.4 0.398
Kepler-417 c Kepler-417 Sub-Neptune 2014 2.69 7.70 3,176.7 0.398
TOI-4504 d TOI-4504 Gas Giant 2024 13.60 450.24 1,117.4 0.337
Kepler-122 f Kepler-122 Super-Earth 2014 1.75 36.00 3,351.1 0.334
TOI-1232 c TOI-1232 Neptune-like 2026 8.88 58.48 1,071.8 0.331
Kepler-416 c Kepler-416 Sub-Neptune 2014 2.35 6.13 2,253.1 0.328
WASP-126 c WASP-126 Neptune-like 2019 9.38 64.20 706.2 0.319
KOI-134 c KOI-134 Neptune-like 2025 9.86 69.92 3,780.8 0.309
TOI-201 c TOI-201 Gas Giant 2025 11.13 4,513.16 371.2 0.307
Kepler-414 c Kepler-414 Sub-Neptune 2014 3.01 29.90 1,348.5 0.290
Kepler-1513 c Kepler-1513 Gas Giant 2023 11.00 84.54 1,139.1 0.287
TOI-199 c TOI-199 Gas Giant 2023 11.40 88.99 333.6 0.280
Kepler-414 b Kepler-414 Super-Earth 2014 1.71 3.50 1,348.5 0.279
Kepler-448 c KOI-12 Gas Giant 2017 12.00 6,992.26 1,302.7 0.279
KOI-142 c KOI-142 Gas Giant 2013 14.00 214.10 1,229.2 0.277
TOI-2202 c TOI-2202 Gas Giant 2021 13.40 117.28 769.5 0.251
Kepler-46 c Kepler-46 Gas Giant 2012 13.50 119.50 2,534.4 0.248
Kepler-338 e Kepler-338 Super-Earth 2014 1.56 8.50 1,803.0 0.218
KOI-984 c KOI-984 Gas Giant 2022 14.10 209.80 824.1 0.208
Kepler-416 b Kepler-416 Sub-Neptune 2014 2.48 58.20 2,253.1 0.200
Kepler-37 e Kepler-37 Rocky Terrestrial 2014 0.37 8.10 208.5 0.184
Kepler-415 b Kepler-415 Rocky Terrestrial 2014 1.21 119.90 1,730.2 0.135
TOI-1408 c TOI-1408 Sub-Neptune 2024 2.22 7.60 454.9 0.132
Kepler-1976 b Kepler-1976 Gas Giant 2023 12.21 — 4,287.4 0.050
Kepler-160 d Kepler-160 Unclassified 2020 — 100.00 3,056.1 —