Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2014

Kepler-124 d

A rocky terrestrial orbiting the k-type orange Kepler-124, located approximately 1,370.0 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 1.11 Earth radii
  • A mass of 1.41 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.14 g
  • An orbital period of 30.951 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.1700 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 428 K (155 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 1,370.01 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.722
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 24,160,041 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

2 siblings around Kepler-124

Kepler-124 d shares its host star with 2 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
Kepler-124 b Rocky Terrestrial 0.73 0.32 3.410 892 2014
Kepler-124 c Super-Earth 1.75 3.71 13.821 560 2014
Kepler-124 d this Rocky Terrestrial 1.11 1.41 30.951 428 2014

Kepler-124 d Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
1.11 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.099 R♃
Mass
1.41 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.004 M♃
Density
5.67 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.14 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Rocky Terrestrial

ESI Score 0.722
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2014
Method Transit
Facility Kepler
Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#209of 570

top 36.5%

This planet

1.11R⊕

Rocky Terrestrial median

1.01R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth Kepler-124 d Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.001.1111.21
Mass (M⊕)1.001.41317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.515.671.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.142.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.0010.500.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 399860218

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2131287021388901504

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2131287021388901504

System

Kepler-124

Percentile among Rocky Terrestrial cohort

Radius 1.110 R⊕ · percentile 61 / cohort 570
Mass 1.410 M⊕ · percentile 56 / cohort 570
Orbital period 30.95 d · percentile 97 / cohort 567
Distance 420.05 pc · percentile 55 / cohort 566
ESI 0.722 · percentile 83 / cohort 570

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
30.951 days
Semi-major axis
0.1700 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
86.47 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 30.95 Earth days (8.5% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1700 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.030 %

Duration

4.196 h

Impact parameter b

0.430

Rp / R★

0.017000

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,986.8370

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 301 ppm lasting ≈ 4.20 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.017000

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

15.570

Impact parameter (b)

0.430

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,986.8370

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.40500

Eq. Temperature

428K

(155 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

10.50

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.722

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Rowe et al. 2014

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2014-03

Observation locale

Space

Host System: Kepler-124

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

4,984 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

1.82 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.636 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.706 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.46

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.669 dex

Stellar density

1.870 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
420.05 parsec
Light-years 1,370.01 ly
V-band magnitude
14.40 mag
Voyager-speed travel 24,160,041 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

9.115.515.52B14.40V14.12Gaia14.14Kepler13.57TESS14.74Sloan g14.09Sloan r13.88Sloan i13.75Sloan z12.78J12.31H12.23K12.14W112.19W212.17W39.13W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

2.352 mas

Total Proper Motion

8.772 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-8.72 mas/yr

PM Declination

-0.92 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.189 · y = -0.627 · z = 0.755

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 286.75273° · Dec 49.06488°

Galactic ℓ, b

79.589° · 17.751°

Ecliptic λ, β

304.464° · 70.506°

HTM-20 index

-724135319

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