Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 3.65 Earth radii
A mass of 19.10 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.43 g
An orbital period of 43.127 days
Semi-major axis 0.2570 AU
Equilibrium temperature 624 K (351 °C)
Distance from Earth 392.94 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.367
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 6,929,434 years

NGTS-34 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

3.65 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.326 R♃

Mass

19.10 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.060 M♃

Density

2.16 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.43 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.367

HZ Position Unknown

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025

Method Transit

Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)

Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#113of 1978

top 5.7%

This planet

3.65R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-967 c 3.65 R⊕ Kepler-1128 b 3.65 R⊕ TOI-1231 b 3.65 R⊕

Metric	Earth	NGTS-34 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	3.65	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	19.10	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	2.16	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.43	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	—	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	19.100 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 147277741

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5387844681072434944

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5387844681072434944

System

NGTS-34

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.650 R⊕ · percentile 94 / cohort 1978

Mass 19.100 M⊕ · percentile 95 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 43.13 d · percentile 82 / cohort 1946

Distance 120.48 pc · percentile 23 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.367 · percentile 45 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

43.127 days

Semi-major axis

0.2570 AU

Eccentricity

—

Inclination

88.87 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 43.13 Earth days (11.8% of a terrestrial year) at a mean orbital distance of 0.2570 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Duration

5.255 h

Impact parameter b

0.796

Rp / R★

0.024500

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,282.7925

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.024500

Impact parameter (b)

0.796

RV semi-amplitude (K)

2.970 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,282.7925

Angular separation (arcsec)

2.13000

Eq. Temperature

624K

(351 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

—

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.367

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Insufficient insolation data — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Kendall et al. 2025

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2025-12

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2025 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

TOI-1266 d · Super-Earth TOI-2267 c · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-5799 c · Super-Earth TOI-5728 b · Super-Earth TOI-5716 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-7166 b · Sub-Neptune TOI-2267 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-2093 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-2267 d · Super-Earth TOI-5489 c · Super-Earth TOI-1743 b · Super-Earth TOI-4364 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: NGTS-34

Spectral Class

F-type yellow-white

Effective Temperature

6,134 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

2.70 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.367 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.266 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.23

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.220 dex

Stellar density

0.677 g/cm³

Activity index (log R'HK)

-4.632

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

120.48 parsec

Light-years 392.94 ly

V-band magnitude

9.23 mag

Voyager-speed travel 6,929,434 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

8.272 mas

Total Proper Motion

66.843 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-0.89 mas/yr

PM Declination

-66.84 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.680 · y = 0.214 · z = -0.702

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 162.49972° · Dec -44.54786°

Galactic ℓ, b

281.223° · 13.145°

Ecliptic λ, β

186.910° · -46.791°

HTM-20 index

1109155170