Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2011

Qatar-2 b

A gas giant orbiting the k-type orange Qatar-2, located approximately 591.6 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 14.06 Earth radii
  • A mass of 792.64 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 4.01 g
  • An orbital period of 1.337 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0215 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,344 K (1071 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 591.56 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.110
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 10,432,199 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

Qatar-2 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
14.06 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
1.254 R♃
Mass
792.64 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
2.494 M♃
Density
1.57 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
4.01 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.110
HZ Position Unknown
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2011
Method Transit
Facility Qatar
Telescope Canon 400mm f/2.8L

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#405of 1771

top 22.8%

This planet

14.06R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth Qatar-2 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.0014.0611.21
Mass (M⊕)1.00792.64317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.511.571.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.004.012.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.000.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 792.635 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 2521105

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 3620030644476623616

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 3620030644476623616

System

Qatar-2

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 14.056 R⊕ · percentile 77 / cohort 1771
Mass 792.635 M⊕ · percentile 61 / cohort 1747
Orbital period 1.34 d · percentile 2 / cohort 1533
Distance 181.37 pc · percentile 48 / cohort 1759
ESI 0.110 · percentile 29 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
1.337 days
Semi-major axis
0.0215 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
86.12 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 1.34 Earth days (0.4% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0215 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

3.334 %

Duration

1.810 h

Impact parameter b

0.115

Rp / R★

0.165900

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,624.2671

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 33,335 ppm lasting ≈ 1.81 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.165900

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

6.515

Impact parameter (b)

0.115

RV semi-amplitude (K)

558.700 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,624.2671

Sky-projected obliquity (λ)

0.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.11900

Eq. Temperature

1,344K

(1071 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.110

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Insufficient insolation data — the dayside is scorched. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Bryan et al. 2011

Instrument

FLI ProLine 4K CCD Sensor

Publication

2012-05

Observation locale

Ground

Host System: Qatar-2

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

4,645 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

5.00 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.776 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.743 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.02

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.530 dex

Stellar density

2.241 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

-23.55 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

3.28 km/s

Rotation period

18.00 days

Metallicity ratio

[M/H]

Distance
181.37 parsec
Light-years 591.56 ly
V-band magnitude
13.44 mag
Voyager-speed travel 10,432,199 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 17 bands

8.616.616.56U14.58B13.44V13.03Gaia13.01Kepler12.32TESS14.97Sloan g13.10Sloan r12.73Sloan i12.96Sloan z11.35J10.79H10.62K10.56W110.64W210.53W38.60W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

5.485 mas

Total Proper Motion

89.500 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-88.18 mas/yr

PM Declination

-15.29 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.880 · y = -0.461 · z = -0.118

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 207.65549° · Dec -6.80407°

Galactic ℓ, b

327.956° · 53.168°

Ecliptic λ, β

208.115° · 4.280°

HTM-20 index

2086684344

Observation Record

RV measurements

1

Emission spectra

4

Archive notes

1

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