Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2025

TOI-5027 b

A gas giant orbiting the g-type yellow (sun-like) TOI-5027, located approximately 666.8 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 10.76 Earth radii
  • A mass of 642.01 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 5.54 g
  • An orbital period of 10.244 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0930 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,056 K (783 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 666.76 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.167
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 11,758,267 years

TOI-5027 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
10.76 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.960 R♃
Mass
642.01 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
2.020 M♃
Density
2.94 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
5.54 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.167
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1696of 1771

top 95.7%

This planet

10.76R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-5027 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.0010.7611.21
Mass (M⊕)1.00642.01317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.941.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.005.542.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00190.910.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 642.013 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 361711730

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5820908638718592256

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5820908638718592256

System

TOI-5027

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 10.761 R⊕ · percentile 4 / cohort 1771
Mass 642.013 M⊕ · percentile 55 / cohort 1747
Orbital period 10.24 d · percentile 44 / cohort 1533
Distance 204.43 pc · percentile 51 / cohort 1759
ESI 0.167 · percentile 38 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
10.244 days
Semi-major axis
0.0930 AU
Eccentricity
0.385
Inclination
88.18 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 10.24 Earth days (2.8% of a terrestrial year) on a highly eccentric trajectory at a mean orbital distance of 0.0930 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.941 %

Duration

2.999 h

Impact parameter b

0.921

Rp / R★

0.106000

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,458,649.4577

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 9,410 ppm lasting ≈ 3.00 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.106000

Impact parameter (b)

0.921

RV semi-amplitude (K)

201.610 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,458,649.4577

Long. of periastron (ω)

288.60°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.45500

Eq. Temperature

1,056K

(783 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

190.91

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.167

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Tala Pinto et al. 2025

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2025-02

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-5027

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,909 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

0.40 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.920 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.020 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.15

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.517 dex

Stellar density

1.821 g/cm³

Rotational v·sin i

4.52 km/s

Activity index (log R'HK)

-4.805

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
204.43 parsec
Light-years 666.76 ly
V-band magnitude
11.57 mag
Voyager-speed travel 11,758,267 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

8.912.112.14B11.57V11.33Gaia10.91TESS10.32J10.04H9.98K9.91W19.94W29.90W38.93W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

4.863 mas

Total Proper Motion

38.837 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-22.02 mas/yr

PM Declination

-31.99 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.156 · y = -0.319 · z = -0.935

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 243.88502° · Dec -69.21710°

Galactic ℓ, b

319.389° · -13.161°

Ecliptic λ, β

256.764° · -46.974°

HTM-20 index

346429780

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