Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2024

GJ 1289 b

A sub-neptune orbiting the m-type red dwarf GJ 1289, located approximately 27.2 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 2.38 Earth radii
  • A mass of 6.27 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.11 g
  • An orbital period of 111.740 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.2700 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 150 K (-123 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 27.24 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.462
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 480,357 years

Context from the literature

GJ 1289 b is a sub-Neptune exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf star GJ 1289, located approximately 8.86 parsecs from the Sun. It was discovered using radial-velocity measurements with the near-infrared spectropolarimeter SPIRou at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope over multiple years, revealing a minimum mass of 6.27 ± 1.25 Earth masses and a nearly circular orbit with a period of 111.74 days. The host star, an M4.5V fully convective red dwarf with a mass of 0.21 solar masses, exhibits a strong large-scale dipolar magnetic field of 200–240 G and a rotation period of ~73.7 days, which is distinct from the planet's orbital period.

Excerpted from Wikipedia · full article

GJ 1289 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
2.38 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.213 R♃
Mass
6.27 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.020 M♃
Density
2.56 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.11 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.462
HZ Position Unknown
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2024
Method Radial Velocity
Facility Multiple Observatories
Telescope Multiple Telescopes

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1365of 1978

top 69.0%

This planet

2.38R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth GJ 1289 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.002.3811.21
Mass (M⊕)1.006.27317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.561.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.112.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.000.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Minimum mass (M sin i) 6.270 M⊕ Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting.

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 352593978

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2879455480941956736

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2879455480942629248

System

GJ 1289

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.380 R⊕ · percentile 31 / cohort 1978
Mass 6.270 M⊕ · percentile 30 / cohort 1978
Orbital period 111.74 d · percentile 95 / cohort 1946
Distance 8.35 pc · percentile 1 / cohort 1975
ESI 0.462 · percentile 64 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
111.740 days
Semi-major axis
0.2700 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
°

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 111.74 Earth days (30.6% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.2700 AU.

Extended Orbital Architecture

RV semi-amplitude (K)

2.370 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,403.2000

Long. of periastron (ω)

0.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

32.30000

Eq. Temperature

150K

(-123 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.462

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Insufficient insolation data — surface water would be frozen.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Moutou et al. 2024

Instrument

Multiple Instruments

Publication

2024-08

Observation locale

Ground

Host System: GJ 1289

Spectral Class

M-type red dwarf

Effective Temperature

3,296 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

Stellar Radius

0.245 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.210 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.02

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.993 dex

Stellar density

20.655 g/cm³

Rotation period

73.66 days

Metallicity ratio

[M/H]

Distance
8.35 parsec
Light-years 27.24 ly
V-band magnitude
12.48 mag
Voyager-speed travel 480,357 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 6 bands

7.212.512.48V11.15Gaia9.81TESS8.11J7.45H7.23K

Astrometric Data

Parallax

119.711 mas

Total Proper Motion

954.349 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

942.27 mas/yr

PM Declination

-151.39 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.801 · y = -0.059 · z = 0.595

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 355.78135° · Dec 36.53633°

Galactic ℓ, b

107.923° · -24.336°

Ecliptic λ, β

12.832° · 34.731°

HTM-20 index

-1559455053

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