Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 2.41 Earth radii
A mass of 16.13 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 2.78 g
An orbital period of 16.092 days
Semi-major axis 0.1279 AU
Equilibrium temperature 718 K (445 °C)
Distance from Earth 745.85 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.380
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 13,153,011 years

1 sibling around Kepler-131

Kepler-131 b shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet	Type	Radius (R⊕)	Mass (M⊕)	Period (d)	Eq. T (K)	Year
Kepler-131 b this	Sub-Neptune	2.41	16.13	16.092	718	2014
Kepler-131 c	Rocky Terrestrial	0.84	8.25	25.517	615	2014

Kepler-131 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

2.41 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.215 R♃

Mass

16.13 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.051 M♃

Density

6.00 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

2.78 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.380

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2014

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1312of 1978

top 66.3%

This planet

2.41R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-143 b 2.41 R⊕ Kepler-343 b 2.41 R⊕ GJ 536 b 2.41 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-131 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	2.41	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	16.13	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	6.00	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	2.78	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	66.12	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	16.130 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).
Minimum mass (M sin i)	6.855 M⊕	Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting.

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 121660708

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2102110174677569664

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2102110174677569664

System

Kepler-131

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.410 R⊕ · percentile 33 / cohort 1978

Mass 16.130 M⊕ · percentile 94 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 16.09 d · percentile 54 / cohort 1946

Distance 228.68 pc · percentile 31 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.380 · percentile 48 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

16.092 days

Semi-major axis

0.1279 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.14 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 16.09 Earth days (4.4% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1279 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.044 %

Duration

2.879 h

Impact parameter b

0.790

Rp / R★

0.021263

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,003.5980

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 435 ppm lasting ≈ 2.88 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.021263

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

43.510

Impact parameter (b)

0.790

RV semi-amplitude (K)

3.950 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,003.5980

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.55900

Eq. Temperature

718K

(445 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

66.12

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.380

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Marcy et al. 2014

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2014-02

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2014 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-186 e · Super-Earth Kepler-395 c · Super-Earth Kepler-220 e · Super-Earth Kepler-249 d · Super-Earth Kepler-296 f · Super-Earth Kepler-367 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-296 e · Super-Earth Kepler-155 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-138 d · Super-Earth Kepler-333 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-331 d · Super-Earth Kepler-267 d · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-131

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,685 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

3.66 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.030 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.020 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.12

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.417 dex

Stellar density

1.440 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

-22.62 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

0.40 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

228.68 parsec

Light-years 745.85 ly

V-band magnitude

11.49 mag

Voyager-speed travel 13,153,011 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

4.344 mas

Total Proper Motion

15.366 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

6.36 mas/yr

PM Declination

13.99 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.240 · y = -0.716 · z = 0.655

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 288.53089° · Dec 40.94237°

Galactic ℓ, b

72.324° · 13.437°

Ecliptic λ, β

301.193° · 62.389°

HTM-20 index

-1315564288