Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 3.30 Earth radii
A mass of 10.90 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.00 g
An orbital period of 147.974 days
Semi-major axis 0.5302 AU
Equilibrium temperature 329 K (56 °C)
Distance from Earth 2,763.65 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.624
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 48,736,912 years

Kepler-1678 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

3.30 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.295 R♃

Mass

10.90 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.034 M♃

Density

1.66 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.00 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.624

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2020

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#278of 1978

top 14.0%

This planet

3.30R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-1663 b 3.30 R⊕ Kepler-1467 b 3.30 R⊕ K2-266 b 3.30 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-1678 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	3.30	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	10.90	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	1.66	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.00	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	2.78	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 137687119

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2051934236426454784

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2051934236426454784

System

Kepler-1678

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.304 R⊕ · percentile 86 / cohort 1978

Mass 10.900 M⊕ · percentile 79 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 147.97 d · percentile 97 / cohort 1946

Distance 847.34 pc · percentile 69 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.624 · percentile 85 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

147.974 days

Semi-major axis

0.5302 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.99 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 147.97 Earth days (40.5% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.5302 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.127 %

Duration

6.854 h

Impact parameter b

0.024

Rp / R★

0.033680

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,096.0892

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 1,267 ppm lasting ≈ 6.85 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.033680

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

169.000

Impact parameter (b)

0.024

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,096.0892

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.62600

Eq. Temperature

329K

(56 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

2.78

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.624

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — liquid water is physically possible with adequate atmospheric pressure.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Armstrong et al. 2021

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2021-07

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2020 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1649 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1701 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1690 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1700 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1684 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-598 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1661 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1663 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1681 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1672 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1702 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1674 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-1678

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,754 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

0.30 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.835 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.030 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.00

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.608 dex

Stellar density

2.494 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

847.34 parsec

Light-years 2,763.65 ly

V-band magnitude

15.02 mag

Voyager-speed travel 48,736,912 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

1.152 mas

Total Proper Motion

16.705 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-3.00 mas/yr

PM Declination

-16.43 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.301 · y = -0.724 · z = 0.621

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 292.59163° · Dec 38.39956°

Galactic ℓ, b

71.378° · 9.516°

Ecliptic λ, β

305.839° · 59.060°

HTM-20 index

1284126424