Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 3.12 Earth radii
A mass of 9.93 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.02 g
An orbital period of 65.705 days
Semi-major axis 0.3270 AU
Equilibrium temperature 472 K (199 °C)
Distance from Earth 893.49 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.478
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 15,756,718 years

Kepler-1709 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

3.12 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.279 R♃

Mass

9.93 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.031 M♃

Density

1.79 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.02 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.478

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2021

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#415of 1978

top 20.9%

This planet

3.12R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

K2-396 c 3.12 R⊕ Kepler-1675 b 3.12 R⊕ Kepler-1791 b 3.12 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-1709 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	3.12	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	9.93	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	1.79	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.02	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	11.70	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 164464070

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2105135854577044480

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2105135854577044480

System

Kepler-1709

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.124 R⊕ · percentile 79 / cohort 1978

Mass 9.930 M⊕ · percentile 72 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 65.70 d · percentile 90 / cohort 1946

Distance 273.95 pc · percentile 33 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.478 · percentile 68 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

65.705 days

Semi-major axis

0.3270 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.68 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 65.70 Earth days (18.0% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.3270 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.066 %

Duration

3.265 h

Impact parameter b

0.942

Rp / R★

0.029140

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,970.4421

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 657 ppm lasting ≈ 3.26 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.029140

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

55.000

Impact parameter (b)

0.942

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,970.4421

Angular separation (arcsec)

1.19000

Eq. Temperature

472K

(199 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

11.70

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.478

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Valizadegan et al. 2022

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2022-02

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2021 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1816 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1705 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1948 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-196 d · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1853 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1840 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1881 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1858 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1874 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1802 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1749 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1849 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-1709

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,918 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

2.34 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.043 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.003 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.04

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.403 dex

Stellar density

7.272 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

273.95 parsec

Light-years 893.49 ly

V-band magnitude

11.64 mag

Voyager-speed travel 15,756,718 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

3.622 mas

Total Proper Motion

31.871 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

11.22 mas/yr

PM Declination

29.83 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.167 · y = -0.702 · z = 0.692

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 283.37489° · Dec 43.78837°

Galactic ℓ, b

73.537° · 18.045°

Ecliptic λ, β

294.339° · 66.101°

HTM-20 index

727999654