Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2021

Kepler-196 d

A sub-neptune orbiting the k-type orange Kepler-196, located approximately 1,472.0 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 2.66 Earth radii
  • A mass of 7.56 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.07 g
  • An orbital period of 122.080 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.4545 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 297 K (24 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 1,471.98 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.735
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 25,958,386 years

2 siblings around Kepler-196

Kepler-196 d shares its host star with 2 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
Kepler-196 b Super-Earth 1.90 4.27 20.740 536 2014
Kepler-196 c Sub-Neptune 2.24 5.65 47.428 407 2014
Kepler-196 d this Sub-Neptune 2.66 7.56 122.080 297 2021

Kepler-196 d Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
2.66 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.237 R♃
Mass
7.56 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.024 M♃
Density
2.21 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.07 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.735
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2021
Method Transit
Facility Kepler
Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#927of 1978

top 46.8%

This planet

2.66R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth Kepler-196 d Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.002.6611.21
Mass (M⊕)1.007.56317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.211.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.072.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.001.800.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 164828012

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2104094071610116608

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2104094071610116608

System

Kepler-196

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.661 R⊕ · percentile 53 / cohort 1978
Mass 7.560 M⊕ · percentile 48 / cohort 1978
Orbital period 122.08 d · percentile 95 / cohort 1946
Distance 451.31 pc · percentile 44 / cohort 1975
ESI 0.735 · percentile 96 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
122.080 days
Semi-major axis
0.4545 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
89.40 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 122.08 Earth days (33.4% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.4545 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.085 %

Duration

4.121 h

Impact parameter b

0.961

Rp / R★

0.034713

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,988.0218

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 855 ppm lasting ≈ 4.12 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.034713

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

87.900

Impact parameter (b)

0.961

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,988.0218

Angular separation (arcsec)

1.01000

Eq. Temperature

297K

(24 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

1.80

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.735

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — liquid water is physically possible with adequate atmospheric pressure.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Valizadegan et al. 2022

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2022-02

Observation locale

Space

Host System: Kepler-196

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

5,132 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

3.09 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.770 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.805 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.06

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.571 dex

Stellar density

0.948 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
451.31 parsec
Light-years 1,471.98 ly
V-band magnitude
14.24 mag
Voyager-speed travel 25,958,386 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

9.115.115.13B14.24V14.10Gaia14.16Kepler13.55TESS14.82Sloan g14.08Sloan r13.87Sloan i13.77Sloan z12.75J12.30H12.24K12.21W112.27W212.15W39.09W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

2.187 mas

Total Proper Motion

15.875 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-3.03 mas/yr

PM Declination

-15.58 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.192 · y = -0.717 · z = 0.670

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 284.96851° · Dec 42.07912°

Galactic ℓ, b

72.315° · 16.336°

Ecliptic λ, β

296.098° · 64.168°

HTM-20 index

2038205939

Similar Worlds

Explore Related Categories