Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 2.24 Earth radii
- A mass of 5.65 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 1.13 g
- An orbital period of 47.428 days
- Semi-major axis 0.2400 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 407 K (134 °C)
- Distance from Earth 1,471.98 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.616
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 25,958,386 years
- Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit
2 siblings around Kepler-196
Kepler-196 c shares its host star with 2 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.
| Planet | Type | Radius (R⊕) | Mass (M⊕) | Period (d) | Eq. T (K) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kepler-196 b | Super-Earth | 1.90 | 4.27 | 20.740 | 536 | 2014 |
| Kepler-196 c this | Sub-Neptune | 2.24 | 5.65 | 47.428 | 407 | 2014 |
| Kepler-196 d | Sub-Neptune | 2.66 | 7.56 | 122.080 | 297 | 2021 |
Kepler-196 c Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Sub-Neptune
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#1607of 1978
top 81.2%
This planet
2.24R⊕
Sub-Neptune median
2.71R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | Kepler-196 c | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 2.24 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 5.65 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 2.76 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 1.13 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 6.88 | 0.037 |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
TIC
TIC 164828012
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 2104094071610116608
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 2104094071610116608
System
Kepler-196
Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts approximately 47.43 Earth days (13.0% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.2400 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.085 %
Duration
5.114 h
Impact parameter b
0.090
Rp / R★
0.026097
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,455,049.5543
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 850 ppm lasting ≈ 5.11 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.026097
Semi-major axis / stellar radius
71.800
Impact parameter (b)
0.090
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,455,049.5543
Angular separation (arcsec)
0.53200
Eq. Temperature
407K
(134 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
6.88
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.616
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.
Detection Signatures
Transit photometry
A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.
Transit timing variations
Gravitational interactions from neighbours have been detected.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Rowe et al. 2014Instrument
Kepler CCD Array
Publication
2014-03
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2014 at Kepler (12 shown).
Host System: Kepler-196
Spectral Class
K-type orange
Effective Temperature
5,128 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
3.09 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)
Stellar Radius
0.782 R☉
Stellar Mass
0.839 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
0.03
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.566 dex
Stellar density
1.740 g/cm³
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
2.187 mas
Total Proper Motion
15.875 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
-3.03 mas/yr
PM Declination
-15.58 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.192 · y = -0.717 · z = 0.670
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 284.96851° · Dec 42.07912°
Galactic ℓ, b
72.315° · 16.336°
Ecliptic λ, β
296.098° · 64.168°
HTM-20 index
2038205939
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