Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 2.21 Earth radii
A mass of 6.10 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.25 g
An orbital period of 9.287 days
Semi-major axis 0.0846 AU
Equilibrium temperature 851 K (578 °C)
Distance from Earth 712.85 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.315
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 12,571,163 years

2 siblings around Kepler-19

Kepler-19 b shares its host star with 2 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet	Type	Radius (R⊕)	Mass (M⊕)	Period (d)	Eq. T (K)	Year
Kepler-19 b this	Sub-Neptune	2.21	6.10	9.287	851	2011
Kepler-19 c	Sub-Neptune	3.68	13.10	28.731	—	2011
Kepler-19 d	Neptune-like	5.06	22.50	62.950	—	2017

Kepler-19 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

2.21 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.197 R♃

Mass

6.10 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.019 M♃

Density

3.10 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.25 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.315

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2011

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1669of 1978

top 84.3%

This planet

2.21R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

OGLE-2005-BLG-390L b 2.21 R⊕ K2-275 c 2.21 R⊕ K2-335 b 2.21 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-19 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	2.21	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	6.10	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	3.10	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.25	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	87.60	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	6.100 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).
Minimum mass (M sin i)	7.398 M⊕	Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting.

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 122375047

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2051106987063242880

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2051106987063242880

System

Kepler-19

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.209 R⊕ · percentile 16 / cohort 1978

Mass 6.100 M⊕ · percentile 27 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 9.29 d · percentile 31 / cohort 1946

Distance 218.56 pc · percentile 30 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.315 · percentile 32 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

9.287 days

Semi-major axis

0.0846 AU

Eccentricity

0.410

Inclination

89.94 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 9.29 Earth days (2.5% of a terrestrial year) on a highly eccentric trajectory at a mean orbital distance of 0.0846 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.069 %

Duration

3.365 h

Impact parameter b

0.020

Rp / R★

0.023790

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,959.7074

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 692 ppm lasting ≈ 3.37 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.023790

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

21.527

Impact parameter (b)

0.020

RV semi-amplitude (K)

2.130 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,959.7074

Long. of periastron (ω)

59.10°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.38700

Eq. Temperature

851K

(578 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

87.60

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.315

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Transit timing variations

Gravitational interactions from neighbours have been detected.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Ballard et al. 2011

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2011-12

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2011 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-22 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-20 d · Sub-Neptune Kepler-26 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-19 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-26 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-28 c · Super-Earth Kepler-10 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-20 f · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-42 d · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-16 b · Neptune-like Kepler-28 b · Super-Earth Kepler-34 b · Neptune-like

Host System: Kepler-19

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,541 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

1.90 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.859 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.936 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.13

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.550 dex

Stellar density

1.330 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

-11.01 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

2.00 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

218.56 parsec

Light-years 712.85 ly

V-band magnitude

12.04 mag

Voyager-speed travel 12,571,163 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 17 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

4.547 mas

Total Proper Motion

39.780 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

25.28 mas/yr

PM Declination

-30.71 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.276 · y = -0.740 · z = 0.614

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 290.42097° · Dec 37.85166°

Galactic ℓ, b

70.102° · 10.797°

Ecliptic λ, β

302.354° · 59.018°

HTM-20 index

1817129943