Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 2.30 Earth radii
- A mass of 5.90 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 1.12 g
- An orbital period of 11.349 days
- Semi-major axis 0.0890 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 610 K (337 °C)
- Distance from Earth 2,550.83 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.427
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 44,983,831 years
- Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit
3 siblings around Kepler-224
Kepler-224 d shares its host star with 3 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.
| Planet | Type | Radius (R⊕) | Mass (M⊕) | Period (d) | Eq. T (K) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kepler-224 b | Super-Earth | 1.39 | 2.51 | 3.133 | 937 | 2014 |
| Kepler-224 c | Sub-Neptune | 3.12 | 9.91 | 5.925 | 758 | 2014 |
| Kepler-224 d this | Sub-Neptune | 2.30 | 5.90 | 11.349 | 610 | 2014 |
| Kepler-224 e | Super-Earth | 1.97 | 4.54 | 18.644 | 517 | 2014 |
Kepler-224 d Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Sub-Neptune
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#1499of 1978
top 75.7%
This planet
2.30R⊕
Sub-Neptune median
2.71R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | Kepler-224 d | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 2.30 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 5.90 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 2.66 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 1.12 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 36.29 | 0.037 |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
TIC
TIC 159642189
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 2129161734133025408
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 2129161734133025408
System
Kepler-224
Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts approximately 11.35 Earth days (3.1% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0890 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.139 %
Duration
3.114 h
Impact parameter b
0.010
Rp / R★
0.033484
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,454,967.3160
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 1,390 ppm lasting ≈ 3.11 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.033484
Semi-major axis / stellar radius
28.710
Impact parameter (b)
0.010
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,454,967.3160
Angular separation (arcsec)
0.11400
Eq. Temperature
610K
(337 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
36.29
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.427
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Rowe et al. 2014Instrument
Kepler CCD Array
Publication
2014-03
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2014 at Kepler (12 shown).
Host System: Kepler-224
Spectral Class
K-type orange
Effective Temperature
5,018 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
2.29 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)
Stellar Radius
0.676 R☉
Stellar Mass
0.777 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
-0.06
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.639 dex
Stellar density
2.060 g/cm³
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
1.250 mas
Total Proper Motion
9.934 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
-0.95 mas/yr
PM Declination
-9.89 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.242 · y = -0.633 · z = 0.736
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 290.93427° · Dec 47.35754°
Galactic ℓ, b
79.077° · 14.521°
Ecliptic λ, β
310.051° · 67.906°
HTM-20 index
-163657889
Similar Worlds
K2-59 c
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.30 R⊕ · 1,015.4 ly
Kepler-621 b
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.30 R⊕ · 1,268.7 ly
Kepler-156 b
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.30 R⊕ · 1,446.4 ly
TOI-2093 c
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.30 R⊕ · 270.1 ly
TOI-178 e
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.30 R⊕ · 204.5 ly
K2-57 b
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.31 R⊕ · 861.7 ly