Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2014

Kepler-291 c

A super-earth orbiting the f-type yellow-white Kepler-291, located approximately 5,826.7 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 1.88 Earth radii
  • A mass of 4.19 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.19 g
  • An orbital period of 5.701 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0650 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,035 K (762 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 5,826.71 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.267
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 102,754,055 years

1 sibling around Kepler-291

Kepler-291 c shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
Kepler-291 b Sub-Neptune 2.16 5.31 3.547 1,212 2014
Kepler-291 c this Super-Earth 1.88 4.19 5.701 1,035 2014

Kepler-291 c Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
1.88 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.168 R♃
Mass
4.19 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.013 M♃
Density
3.47 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.19 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.267
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2014
Method Transit
Facility Kepler
Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#153of 1176

top 12.9%

This planet

1.88R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth Kepler-291 c Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.001.8811.21
Mass (M⊕)1.004.19317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.513.471.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.192.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00332.740.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 158631683

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2102509125599126144

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2102509125599126144

System

Kepler-291

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.880 R⊕ · percentile 86 / cohort 1176
Mass 4.190 M⊕ · percentile 79 / cohort 1176
Orbital period 5.70 d · percentile 44 / cohort 1164
Distance 1,786.48 pc · percentile 97 / cohort 1171
ESI 0.267 · percentile 28 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
5.701 days
Semi-major axis
0.0650 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
88.15 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 5.70 Earth days (1.6% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0650 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.038 %

Duration

1.647 h

Impact parameter b

0.570

Rp / R★

0.017928

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,965.6867

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 380 ppm lasting ≈ 1.65 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.017928

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

27.020

Impact parameter (b)

0.570

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,965.6867

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.03640

Eq. Temperature

1,035K

(762 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

332.74

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.267

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Rowe et al. 2014

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2014-03

Observation locale

Space

Host System: Kepler-291

Spectral Class

F-type yellow-white

Effective Temperature

6,002 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

7.76 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.016 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.023 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.23

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.472 dex

Stellar density

0.650 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
1,786.48 parsec
Light-years 5,826.71 ly
V-band magnitude
16.22 mag
Voyager-speed travel 102,754,055 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

9.016.816.82B16.22V15.90Gaia15.93Kepler15.39TESS16.44Sloan g15.86Sloan r15.72Sloan i15.64Sloan z14.69J14.34H14.15K14.31W114.30W212.50W39.03W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.531 mas

Total Proper Motion

7.996 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-3.33 mas/yr

PM Declination

-7.27 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.227 · y = -0.702 · z = 0.675

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 287.91630° · Dec 42.43727°

Galactic ℓ, b

73.537° · 14.465°

Ecliptic λ, β

301.129° · 63.953°

HTM-20 index

-1941729273

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