Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2013

KOI-94 d

A gas giant orbiting the f-type yellow-white KOI-94, located approximately 1,555.9 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 11.27 Earth radii
  • A mass of 106.00 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 0.83 g
  • An orbital period of 22.343 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.1684 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 806 K (533 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 1,555.93 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.159
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 27,438,890 years

3 siblings around KOI-94

KOI-94 d shares its host star with 3 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
KOI-94 b Super-Earth 1.71 10.50 3.743 1,486 2013
KOI-94 c Neptune-like 4.32 15.60 10.424 1,012 2013
KOI-94 d this Gas Giant 11.27 106.00 22.343 806 2013
KOI-94 e Neptune-like 6.56 35.00 54.320 584 2013

KOI-94 d Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
11.27 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
1.005 R♃
Mass
106.00 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.334 M♃
Density
0.36 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
0.83 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.159
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2013
Method Transit
Facility Kepler
Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1622of 1771

top 91.5%

This planet

11.27R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth KOI-94 d Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.0011.2711.21
Mass (M⊕)1.00106.00317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.510.361.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.000.832.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.0097.120.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 106.000 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).
Minimum mass (M sin i) 79.602 M⊕ Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting.

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 273231214

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2076970047474270208

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2076970047474270208

System

KOI-94

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 11.270 R⊕ · percentile 8 / cohort 1771
Mass 106.000 M⊕ · percentile 6 / cohort 1747
Orbital period 22.34 d · percentile 48 / cohort 1533
Distance 477.05 pc · percentile 74 / cohort 1759
ESI 0.159 · percentile 37 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
22.343 days
Semi-major axis
0.1684 AU
Eccentricity
0.022
Inclination
89.87 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 22.34 Earth days (6.1% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1684 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.561 %

Duration

6.686 h

Impact parameter b

0.055

Rp / R★

0.068016

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,965.7405

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 5,613 ppm lasting ≈ 6.69 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.068016

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

23.800

Impact parameter (b)

0.055

RV semi-amplitude (K)

18.300 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,965.7405

Sky-projected obliquity (λ)

-11.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.35300

Eq. Temperature

806K

(533 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

97.12

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.159

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Transit timing variations

Gravitational interactions from neighbours have been detected.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Weiss et al. 2013

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2013-05

Observation locale

Space

Host System: KOI-94

Spectral Class

F-type yellow-white

Effective Temperature

6,182 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

3.16 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.520 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.277 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.02

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.181 dex

Stellar density

0.771 g/cm³

Rotational v·sin i

7.30 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
477.05 parsec
Light-years 1,555.93 ly
V-band magnitude
12.31 mag
Voyager-speed travel 27,438,890 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

9.513.013.01B12.31V12.19Gaia12.21Kepler11.79TESS12.55Sloan g12.19Sloan r12.06Sloan i12.04Sloan z11.22J10.96H10.93K10.78W110.81W210.83W39.55W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

2.068 mas

Total Proper Motion

2.394 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

1.97 mas/yr

PM Declination

1.36 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.342 · y = -0.661 · z = 0.668

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 297.33307° · Dec 41.89112°

Galactic ℓ, b

76.226° · 7.983°

Ecliptic λ, β

315.053° · 61.124°

HTM-20 index

-847074365

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