Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2024

TOI-1224 b

A sub-neptune orbiting the m-type red dwarf TOI-1224, located approximately 121.8 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 2.10 Earth radii
  • A mass of 5.08 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.15 g
  • An orbital period of 4.178 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0355 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 541 K (268 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 121.76 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.493
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 2,147,201 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

1 sibling around TOI-1224

TOI-1224 b shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
TOI-1224 b this Sub-Neptune 2.10 5.08 4.178 541 2024
TOI-1224 c Sub-Neptune 2.88 8.67 17.945 303 2024

TOI-1224 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
2.10 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.188 R♃
Mass
5.08 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.016 M♃
Density
3.00 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.15 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.493
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2024
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1816of 1978

top 91.8%

This planet

2.10R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-1224 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.002.1011.21
Mass (M⊕)1.005.08317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.513.001.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.152.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.0013.930.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 299798795

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 4620009665047355520

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 4620009665047355520

System

TOI-1224

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.104 R⊕ · percentile 8 / cohort 1978
Mass 5.080 M⊕ · percentile 9 / cohort 1978
Orbital period 4.18 d · percentile 9 / cohort 1946
Distance 37.33 pc · percentile 9 / cohort 1975
ESI 0.493 · percentile 69 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
4.178 days
Semi-major axis
0.0355 AU
Eccentricity
Inclination
89.19 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 4.18 Earth days (1.1% of a terrestrial year) at a mean orbital distance of 0.0355 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.228 %

Duration

1.676 h

Impact parameter b

0.270

Rp / R★

0.047800

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,458,327.7024

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 2,280 ppm lasting ≈ 1.68 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.047800

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

18.900

Impact parameter (b)

0.270

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,458,327.7024

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.95100

Eq. Temperature

541K

(268 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

13.93

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.493

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Thao et al. 2024

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2024-07

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-1224

Spectral Class

M-type red dwarf

Effective Temperature

3,326 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

0.21 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.404 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.400 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.893 dex

Stellar density

6.852 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

14.63 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

22.10 km/s

Rotation period

1.23 days

Distance
37.33 parsec
Light-years 121.76 ly
V-band magnitude
13.95 mag
Voyager-speed travel 2,147,201 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

8.515.515.51B13.95V12.78Gaia11.56TESS10.02J9.41H9.13K9.04W18.89W28.76W38.54W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

26.758 mas

Total Proper Motion

162.156 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

159.88 mas/yr

PM Declination

27.05 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.126 · y = 0.096 · z = -0.987

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 37.19784° · Dec -80.89911°

Galactic ℓ, b

298.348° · -35.345°

Ecliptic λ, β

292.439° · -70.729°

HTM-20 index

2028117339

Similar Worlds

Explore Related Categories