Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 2.19 Earth radii
A mass of 5.43 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.13 g
An orbital period of 37.647 days
Semi-major axis 0.2466 AU
Equilibrium temperature 787 K (514 °C)
Distance from Earth 2,234.45 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.338
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 39,404,565 years

Kepler-1109 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

2.19 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.195 R♃

Mass

5.43 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.017 M♃

Density

2.84 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.13 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.338

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1691of 1978

top 85.4%

This planet

2.19R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

TOI-880.02 2.19 R⊕ Kepler-174 d 2.19 R⊕ K2-146 c 2.19 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-1109 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	2.19	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	5.43	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	2.84	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.13	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	11.38	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 137336979

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2052983514114840192

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2052983514114840192

System

Kepler-1109

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.190 R⊕ · percentile 14 / cohort 1978

Mass 5.430 M⊕ · percentile 15 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 37.65 d · percentile 79 / cohort 1946

Distance 685.09 pc · percentile 58 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.338 · percentile 37 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

37.647 days

Semi-major axis

0.2466 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.99 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 37.65 Earth days (10.3% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.2466 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.043 %

Duration

6.117 h

Impact parameter b

0.366

Rp / R★

0.019123

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,994.4638

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 427 ppm lasting ≈ 6.12 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.019123

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

46.180

Impact parameter (b)

0.366

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,994.4638

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.36000

Eq. Temperature

787K

(514 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

11.38

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.338

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-1109

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,893 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

3.80 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.060 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.050 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.04

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.410 dex

Stellar density

1.315 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

685.09 parsec

Light-years 2,234.45 ly

V-band magnitude

14.41 mag

Voyager-speed travel 39,404,565 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

1.431 mas

Total Proper Motion

6.309 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

5.02 mas/yr

PM Declination

-3.82 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.285 · y = -0.718 · z = 0.635

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 291.64627° · Dec 39.39661°

Galactic ℓ, b

71.944° · 10.623°

Ecliptic λ, β

305.033° · 60.230°

HTM-20 index

1522548322