Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.43 Earth radii
A mass of 6.35 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 3.11 g
An orbital period of 2.426 days
Semi-major axis 0.0360 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,302 K (1029 °C)
Distance from Earth 1,187.31 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.194
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 20,938,135 years

1 sibling around Kepler-406

Kepler-406 b shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet	Type	Radius (R⊕)	Mass (M⊕)	Period (d)	Eq. T (K)	Year
Kepler-406 b this	Super-Earth	1.43	6.35	2.426	1,302	2014
Kepler-406 c	Rocky Terrestrial	0.85	2.71	4.623	1,050	2014

Kepler-406 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.43 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.128 R♃

Mass

6.35 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.020 M♃

Density

11.82 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

3.11 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.194

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2014

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#864of 1176

top 73.4%

This planet

1.43R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-334 c 1.43 R⊕ Kepler-399 c 1.43 R⊕ Kepler-311 c 1.43 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-406 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.43	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	6.35	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	11.82	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	3.11	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	826.93	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	6.350 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).
Minimum mass (M sin i)	5.332 M⊕	Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting.

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 63066101

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2126601108991279872

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2126601108991279872

System

Kepler-406

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.430 R⊕ · percentile 25 / cohort 1176

Mass 6.350 M⊕ · percentile 94 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 2.43 d · percentile 15 / cohort 1164

Distance 364.03 pc · percentile 37 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.194 · percentile 11 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

2.426 days

Semi-major axis

0.0360 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

82.34 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 2.43 Earth days (0.7% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0360 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.019 %

Duration

2.634 h

Impact parameter b

0.100

Rp / R★

0.012285

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,003.4568

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 185 ppm lasting ≈ 2.63 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.012285

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

7.037

Impact parameter (b)

0.100

RV semi-amplitude (K)

2.890 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,003.4568

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.09890

Eq. Temperature

1,302K

(1029 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

826.93

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.194

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Marcy et al. 2014

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2014-02

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2014 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-186 e · Super-Earth Kepler-395 c · Super-Earth Kepler-220 e · Super-Earth Kepler-249 d · Super-Earth Kepler-296 f · Super-Earth Kepler-367 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-296 e · Super-Earth Kepler-155 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-138 d · Super-Earth Kepler-333 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-331 d · Super-Earth Kepler-267 d · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-406

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,538 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

5.84 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.070 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.070 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.18

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.409 dex

Stellar density

1.120 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

-57.13 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

0.40 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

364.03 parsec

Light-years 1,187.31 ly

V-band magnitude

12.60 mag

Voyager-speed travel 20,938,135 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

2.718 mas

Total Proper Motion

17.805 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

16.93 mas/yr

PM Declination

5.51 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.263 · y = -0.657 · z = 0.707

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 291.84818° · Dec 44.96828°

Galactic ℓ, b

77.124° · 12.937°

Ecliptic λ, β

309.323° · 65.452°

HTM-20 index

1352270223