Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 3.36 Earth radii
A mass of 11.20 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 0.99 g
An orbital period of 6.770 days
Semi-major axis 0.0640 AU
Equilibrium temperature 812 K (539 °C)
Distance from Earth 5,646.64 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.277
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 99,578,508 years

Kepler-684 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

3.36 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.300 R♃

Mass

11.20 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.035 M♃

Density

1.62 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

0.99 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.277

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#242of 1978

top 12.2%

This planet

3.36R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-1057 b 3.36 R⊕ Kepler-1510 b 3.36 R⊕ Kepler-1083 b 3.36 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-684 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	3.36	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	11.20	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	1.62	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	0.99	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	102.87	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 122607324

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2052643696302706944

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2052643696302706944

System

Kepler-684

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.360 R⊕ · percentile 87 / cohort 1978

Mass 11.200 M⊕ · percentile 81 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 6.77 d · percentile 21 / cohort 1946

Distance 1,731.27 pc · percentile 95 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.277 · percentile 22 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

6.770 days

Semi-major axis

0.0640 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

86.84 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 6.77 Earth days (1.9% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0640 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.130 %

Duration

1.940 h

Impact parameter b

0.838

Rp / R★

0.035946

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,003.5770

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 1,304 ppm lasting ≈ 1.94 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.035946

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

24.650

Impact parameter (b)

0.838

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,003.5770

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.03700

Eq. Temperature

812K

(539 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

102.87

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.277

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-684

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,493 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.37 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.860 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.890 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.11

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.530 dex

Stellar density

6.185 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

1,731.27 parsec

Light-years 5,646.64 ly

V-band magnitude

15.70 mag

Voyager-speed travel 99,578,508 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 17 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.550 mas

Total Proper Motion

7.055 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-1.15 mas/yr

PM Declination

-6.96 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.280 · y = -0.734 · z = 0.619

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 290.87049° · Dec 38.27360°

Galactic ℓ, b

70.647° · 10.665°

Ecliptic λ, β

303.244° · 59.327°

HTM-20 index

1911573040