Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2016

Kepler-821 b

A super-earth orbiting the k-type orange Kepler-821, located approximately 2,004.5 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 1.31 Earth radii
  • A mass of 2.27 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.32 g
  • An orbital period of 1.923 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0290 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,215 K (942 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 2,004.46 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.250
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 35,348,653 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

Kepler-821 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
1.31 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.117 R♃
Mass
2.27 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.007 M♃
Density
5.55 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.32 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.250
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016
Method Transit
Facility Kepler
Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1072of 1176

top 91.1%

This planet

1.31R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth Kepler-821 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.001.3111.21
Mass (M⊕)1.002.27317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.515.551.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.322.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00496.820.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 120573482

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2100279865772807424

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2100279865772807424

System

Kepler-821

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.310 R⊕ · percentile 8 / cohort 1176
Mass 2.270 M⊕ · percentile 8 / cohort 1176
Orbital period 1.92 d · percentile 12 / cohort 1164
Distance 614.57 pc · percentile 55 / cohort 1171
ESI 0.250 · percentile 23 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
1.923 days
Semi-major axis
0.0290 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
89.74 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 1.92 Earth days (0.5% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0290 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.026 %

Duration

1.919 h

Impact parameter b

0.133

Rp / R★

0.014745

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,967.5034

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 260 ppm lasting ≈ 1.92 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.014745

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

7.723

Impact parameter (b)

0.133

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,967.5034

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.04720

Eq. Temperature

1,215K

(942 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

496.82

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.250

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Host System: Kepler-821

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

5,191 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.79 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.800 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.840 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.03

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.560 dex

Stellar density

2.357 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
614.57 parsec
Light-years 2,004.46 ly
V-band magnitude
15.15 mag
Voyager-speed travel 35,348,653 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 17 bands

9.317.617.62U16.59B15.15V14.82Gaia14.83Kepler14.22TESS15.50Sloan g14.72Sloan r14.48Sloan i14.34Sloan z13.44J12.97H12.87K12.83W112.89W212.48W39.26W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

1.599 mas

Total Proper Motion

12.994 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-7.11 mas/yr

PM Declination

-10.87 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.208 · y = -0.744 · z = 0.634

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 285.61739° · Dec 39.37947°

Galactic ℓ, b

69.923° · 14.845°

Ecliptic λ, β

295.787° · 61.428°

HTM-20 index

-524699046

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