Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 1.48 Earth radii
- A mass of 6.15 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 2.81 g
- An orbital period of 4.604 days
- Semi-major axis 0.0507 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 810 K (537 °C)
- Distance from Earth 679.61 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.329
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 11,984,886 years
- Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit
Kepler-99 b Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Super-Earth
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#784of 1176
top 66.6%
This planet
1.48R⊕
Super-Earth median
1.60R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | Kepler-99 b | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 1.48 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 6.15 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 10.90 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 2.81 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 108.04 | 0.037 |
Alternative Mass Estimates
| Method | Value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Best measured mass | 6.150 M⊕ | Direct mass measurement (not derived). |
| Minimum mass (M sin i) | 3.813 M⊕ | Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting. |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
TIC
TIC 169462917
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 2076871091425583232
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 2076871091425583232
System
Kepler-99
Percentile among Super-Earth cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts approximately 4.60 Earth days (1.3% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0507 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.045 %
Duration
2.350 h
Impact parameter b
0.210
Rp / R★
0.018475
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,455,004.8389
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 450 ppm lasting ≈ 2.35 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.018475
Semi-major axis / stellar radius
14.810
Impact parameter (b)
0.210
RV semi-amplitude (K)
2.910 m/s
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,455,004.8389
Angular separation (arcsec)
0.24300
Eq. Temperature
810K
(537 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
108.04
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.329
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.
Detection Signatures
Transit photometry
A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.
Radial velocity
Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Marcy et al. 2014Instrument
Kepler CCD Array
Publication
2014-02
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2014 at Kepler (12 shown).
Host System: Kepler-99
Spectral Class
K-type orange
Effective Temperature
4,782 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
1.47 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)
Stellar Radius
0.730 R☉
Stellar Mass
0.790 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
0.18
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.605 dex
Stellar density
2.860 g/cm³
Systemic radial velocity
-23.00 km/s
Rotational v·sin i
0.50 km/s
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
4.770 mas
Total Proper Motion
3.503 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
1.38 mas/yr
PM Declination
-3.22 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.345 · y = -0.667 · z = 0.660
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 297.35400° · Dec 41.30005°
Galactic ℓ, b
75.715° · 7.678°
Ecliptic λ, β
314.628° · 60.571°
HTM-20 index
-982359184
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