Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.98 Earth radii
A mass of 4.58 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.17 g
An orbital period of 3.771 days
Semi-major axis 0.0474 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,272 K (999 °C)
Distance from Earth 3,967.95 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.209
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 69,974,771 years

Kepler-996 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.98 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.177 R♃

Mass

4.58 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.014 M♃

Density

3.24 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.17 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.209

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#25of 1176

top 2.0%

This planet

1.98R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-59 c 1.98 R⊕ GJ 9827 d 1.98 R⊕ Kepler-1025 b 1.98 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-996 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.98	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	4.58	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	3.24	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.17	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	723.08	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 351072172

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2101649891623535104

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2101649891623535104

System

Kepler-996

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.980 R⊕ · percentile 97 / cohort 1176

Mass 4.580 M⊕ · percentile 89 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 3.77 d · percentile 29 / cohort 1164

Distance 1,216.58 pc · percentile 89 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.209 · percentile 15 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

3.771 days

Semi-major axis

0.0474 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.02 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 3.77 Earth days (1.0% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0474 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.031 %

Duration

2.025 h

Impact parameter b

0.240

Rp / R★

0.016349

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,966.3910

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 314 ppm lasting ≈ 2.03 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.016349

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

14.350

Impact parameter (b)

0.240

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,966.3910

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.03900

Eq. Temperature

1,272K

(999 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

723.08

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.209

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-996

Spectral Class

F-type yellow-white

Effective Temperature

6,014 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

3.63 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.140 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.090 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.03

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.360 dex

Stellar density

3.676 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

1,216.58 parsec

Light-years 3,967.95 ly

V-band magnitude

14.72 mag

Voyager-speed travel 69,974,771 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.793 mas

Total Proper Motion

7.429 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-4.16 mas/yr

PM Declination

-6.15 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.279 · y = -0.694 · z = 0.663

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 291.91276° · Dec 41.53359°

Galactic ℓ, b

73.985° · 11.392°

Ecliptic λ, β

306.796° · 62.202°

HTM-20 index

-288530943