Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 2.26 Earth radii
A mass of 5.71 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.12 g
An orbital period of 5.878 days
Semi-major axis 0.0658 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,031 K (758 °C)
Distance from Earth 399.52 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.252
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 7,045,562 years

TOI-1659.01 Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

2.26 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.201 R♃

Mass

5.71 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.018 M♃

Density

2.74 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.12 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.252

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2024

Method Transit

Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)

Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1588of 1978

top 80.2%

This planet

2.26R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-300 c 2.25 R⊕ GJ 667 C b 2.25 R⊕ Kepler-342 b 2.25 R⊕

Metric	Earth	TOI-1659.01	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	2.26	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	5.71	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	2.74	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.12	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	268.44	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 288631580

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2296566567050436864

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2296566567050436864

System

TOI-1659

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.255 R⊕ · percentile 20 / cohort 1978

Mass 5.710 M⊕ · percentile 20 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 5.88 d · percentile 16 / cohort 1946

Distance 122.49 pc · percentile 23 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.252 · percentile 16 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

5.878 days

Semi-major axis

0.0658 AU

Eccentricity

—

Inclination

— °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 5.88 Earth days (1.6% of a terrestrial year) at a mean orbital distance of 0.0658 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.041 %

Duration

2.891 h

Rp / R★

0.020360

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,757.3568

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 412 ppm lasting ≈ 2.89 h.

Eq. Temperature

1,031K

(758 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

268.44

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.252

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Crossfield et al. 2024

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2024-11

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2024 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

Gliese 12 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-6002 b · Super-Earth TOI-5713 b · Super-Earth TOI-4336 A b · Sub-Neptune TOI-406.01 · Sub-Neptune TOI-1224 c · Sub-Neptune LHS 1678 d · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-2088 b · Sub-Neptune TOI-2120 b · Sub-Neptune TOI-1806.01 · Sub-Neptune TOI-4633 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-260 b · Super-Earth

Host System: TOI-1659

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,977 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

—

Stellar Radius

1.006 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.100 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

—

Distance

122.49 parsec

Light-years 399.52 ly

V-band magnitude

10.08 mag

Voyager-speed travel 7,045,562 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

8.135 mas

Total Proper Motion

48.183 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

6.72 mas/yr

PM Declination

47.71 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.018 · y = -0.133 · z = 0.991

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 277.92519° · Dec 82.30595°

Galactic ℓ, b

114.281° · 27.524°

Ecliptic λ, β

86.121° · 74.148°

HTM-20 index

-648464862