Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 3.66 Earth radii
- A mass of 14.60 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 1.09 g
- An orbital period of 16.737 days
- Semi-major axis 0.1294 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 703 K (430 °C)
- Distance from Earth 363.48 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.319
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 6,410,050 years
TOI-1691 b Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Sub-Neptune
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#107of 1978
top 5.4%
This planet
3.66R⊕
Sub-Neptune median
2.71R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | TOI-1691 b | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 3.66 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 14.60 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 1.76 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 1.09 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 59.13 | 0.037 |
Alternative Mass Estimates
| Method | Value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Best measured mass | 14.600 M⊕ | Direct mass measurement (not derived). |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
TIC
TIC 268334473
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 2303587361109316224
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 2303587361109316224
System
TOI-1691
Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts approximately 16.74 Earth days (4.6% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1294 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.099 %
Duration
4.980 h
Impact parameter b
0.260
Rp / R★
0.033350
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,459,922.7255
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 989 ppm lasting ≈ 4.98 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.033350
Impact parameter (b)
0.260
RV semi-amplitude (K)
3.800 m/s
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,459,922.7255
Long. of periastron (ω)
90.00°
Angular separation (arcsec)
1.16000
Eq. Temperature
703K
(430 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
59.13
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.319
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.
Detection Signatures
Transit photometry
A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.
Radial velocity
Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Polanski et al. 2024Instrument
TESS CCD Array
Publication
2024-06
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2024 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).
Host System: TOI-1691
Spectral Class
G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Effective Temperature
5,759 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
6.60 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)
Stellar Radius
1.000 R☉
Stellar Mass
1.030 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
0.05
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.409 dex
Stellar density
1.304 g/cm³
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
8.944 mas
Total Proper Motion
163.977 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
-25.65 mas/yr
PM Declination
161.96 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.002 · y = -0.055 · z = 0.998
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 272.40412° · Dec 86.86034°
Galactic ℓ, b
119.446° · 27.655°
Ecliptic λ, β
89.617° · 69.697°
HTM-20 index
1671075876
Similar Worlds
HD 164922 c
Sub-Neptune · G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Radius 3.66 R⊕ · 71.8 ly
Kepler-1128 b
Sub-Neptune · G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Radius 3.65 R⊕ · 3,533.6 ly
WASP-47 d
Sub-Neptune · G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Radius 3.65 R⊕ · 863.6 ly
EPIC 249893012 c
Sub-Neptune · G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Radius 3.67 R⊕ · 1,047.9 ly
Kepler-1775 b
Sub-Neptune · G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Radius 3.65 R⊕ · 2,142.9 ly
K2-194 b
Sub-Neptune · G-type yellow (Sun-like)
Radius 3.64 R⊕ · 2,053.2 ly