Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 1.53 Earth radii
- A mass of 6.20 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 2.63 g
- An orbital period of 0.224 days
- Semi-major axis 0.0063 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 2,063 K (1790 °C)
- Distance from Earth 117.60 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.117
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 2,073,849 years
- Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit
TOI-2431 b Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Super-Earth
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#685of 1176
top 58.2%
This planet
1.53R⊕
Super-Earth median
1.60R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | TOI-2431 b | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 1.53 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 6.20 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 9.40 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 2.63 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 2,649.15 | 0.037 |
Alternative Mass Estimates
| Method | Value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Best measured mass | 6.200 M⊕ | Direct mass measurement (not derived). |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
HIP
HIP 11707
TIC
TIC 258804746
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 22707874346819712
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 22707874346819712
System
TOI-2431
Percentile among Super-Earth cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts roughly 5.4 hours long on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0063 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.054 %
Duration
0.292 h
Impact parameter b
0.573
Rp / R★
0.021310
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,460,258.8686
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 540 ppm lasting ≈ 0.29 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.021310
Impact parameter (b)
0.573
RV semi-amplitude (K)
8.200 m/s
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,460,258.8686
Long. of periastron (ω)
90.00°
Angular separation (arcsec)
0.17500
Eq. Temperature
2,063K
(1790 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
2,649.15
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.117
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.
Detection Signatures
Transit photometry
A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.
Radial velocity
Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Tas et al. 2026Instrument
TESS CCD Array
Publication
2026-03
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2026 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).
Host System: TOI-2431
Spectral Class
K-type orange
Effective Temperature
4,109 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
2.00 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)
Stellar Radius
0.651 R☉
Stellar Mass
0.661 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
-0.02
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.680 dex
Stellar density
3.250 g/cm³
Rotational v·sin i
2.00 km/s
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 7 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
27.706 mas
Total Proper Motion
384.596 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
374.95 mas/yr
PM Declination
-85.58 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.782 · y = 0.606 · z = 0.146
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 37.76530° · Dec 8.38163°
Galactic ℓ, b
160.640° · -47.065°
Ecliptic λ, β
38.125° · -6.158°
HTM-20 index
-623868270
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