Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2025

TOI-2992 b

A gas giant orbiting the f-type yellow-white TOI-2992, located approximately 1,767.9 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 13.75 Earth radii
  • A mass of 1,058.37 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 5.60 g
  • An orbital period of 3.008 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0434 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,726 K (1453 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 1,767.85 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.086
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 31,176,039 years

TOI-2992 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
13.75 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
1.227 R♃
Mass
1,058.37 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
3.330 M♃
Density
2.23 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
5.60 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.086
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#550of 1771

top 31.0%

This planet

13.75R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-2992 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.0013.7511.21
Mass (M⊕)1.001,058.37317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.231.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.005.602.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.001,484.000.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 1,058.369 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 49045066

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5450366519997969536

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5450366519997969536

System

TOI-2992

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 13.753 R⊕ · percentile 69 / cohort 1771
Mass 1,058.369 M⊕ · percentile 68 / cohort 1747
Orbital period 3.01 d · percentile 16 / cohort 1533
Distance 542.03 pc · percentile 77 / cohort 1759
ESI 0.086 · percentile 21 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
3.008 days
Semi-major axis
0.0434 AU
Eccentricity
0.089
Inclination
86.10 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 3.01 Earth days (0.8% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0434 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.666 %

Duration

3.840 h

Impact parameter b

0.410

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,503.5585

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 6,660 ppm lasting ≈ 3.84 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

6.030

Impact parameter (b)

0.410

RV semi-amplitude (K)

414.000 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,503.5585

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.08010

Eq. Temperature

1,726K

(1453 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

1,484.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.086

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Yee et al. 2025

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2025-07

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-2992

Spectral Class

F-type yellow-white

Effective Temperature

6,000 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.60 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.545 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.210 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.08

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.139 dex

Stellar density

0.457 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
542.03 parsec
Light-years 1,767.85 ly
V-band magnitude
12.60 mag
Voyager-speed travel 31,176,039 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

9.112.812.85B12.60V12.39Gaia11.97TESS11.36J11.09H11.03K11.00W111.03W210.99W39.08W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

1.817 mas

Total Proper Motion

17.690 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-10.00 mas/yr

PM Declination

14.59 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.814 · y = 0.228 · z = -0.535

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 164.31656° · Dec -32.32244°

Galactic ℓ, b

276.559° · 24.637°

Ecliptic λ, β

180.214° · -35.551°

HTM-20 index

-370727450

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