Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2025

TOI-3856 b

A gas giant orbiting the g-type yellow (sun-like) TOI-3856, located approximately 1,025.6 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 13.60 Earth radii
  • A mass of 171.63 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 0.93 g
  • An orbital period of 2.044 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0325 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,544 K (1271 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 1,025.57 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.075
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 18,086,009 years

TOI-3856 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
13.60 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
1.213 R♃
Mass
171.63 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.540 M♃
Density
0.37 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
0.93 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.075
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#655of 1771

top 36.9%

This planet

13.60R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-3856 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.0013.6011.21
Mass (M⊕)1.00171.63317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.510.371.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.000.932.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00949.000.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 171.627 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 125552076

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 647864446160474624

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 647864446160474624

System

TOI-3856

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 13.596 R⊕ · percentile 63 / cohort 1771
Mass 171.627 M⊕ · percentile 15 / cohort 1747
Orbital period 2.04 d · percentile 7 / cohort 1533
Distance 314.44 pc · percentile 62 / cohort 1759
ESI 0.075 · percentile 16 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
2.044 days
Semi-major axis
0.0325 AU
Eccentricity
0.083
Inclination
82.94 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 2.04 Earth days (0.6% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0325 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

1.397 %

Duration

1.825 h

Impact parameter b

0.814

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,574.6633

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 13,970 ppm lasting ≈ 1.83 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

6.622

Impact parameter (b)

0.814

RV semi-amplitude (K)

80.000 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,574.6633

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.10300

Eq. Temperature

1,544K

(1271 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

949.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.075

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Yee et al. 2025

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2025-07

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-3856

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,622 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

2.60 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.055 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.096 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.45

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.431 dex

Stellar density

1.314 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
314.44 parsec
Light-years 1,025.57 ly
V-band magnitude
12.29 mag
Voyager-speed travel 18,086,009 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

8.615.515.46U12.95B12.29V12.13Gaia11.66TESS12.78Sloan g12.17Sloan r12.00Sloan i13.50Sloan z11.01J10.69H10.61K10.60W110.64W210.60W38.56W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

3.152 mas

Total Proper Motion

21.702 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-20.97 mas/yr

PM Declination

-5.58 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.726 · y = 0.504 · z = 0.469

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 145.22292° · Dec 27.95016°

Galactic ℓ, b

200.346° · 48.028°

Ecliptic λ, β

138.197° · 13.274°

HTM-20 index

1441849054

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