Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.84 Earth radii
A mass of 4.70 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.39 g
An orbital period of 1.859 days
Semi-major axis 0.0274 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,474 K (1201 °C)
Distance from Earth 403.58 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.183
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 7,117,171 years

2 siblings around TOI-451

TOI-451 b shares its host star with 2 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet	Type	Radius (R⊕)	Mass (M⊕)	Period (d)	Eq. T (K)	Year
TOI-451 b this	Super-Earth	1.84	4.70	1.859	1,474	2020
TOI-451 c	Sub-Neptune	2.93	3.70	9.192	865	2020
TOI-451 d	Sub-Neptune	3.93	10.20	16.365	714	2020

TOI-451 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.84 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.164 R♃

Mass

4.70 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.015 M♃

Density

4.10 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.39 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.183

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2020

Method Transit

Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)

Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#201of 1176

top 17.0%

This planet

1.84R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-52 c 1.84 R⊕ Kepler-354 b 1.84 R⊕ Kepler-1651 b 1.84 R⊕

Metric	Earth	TOI-451 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.84	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	4.70	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	4.10	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.39	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	786.00	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	4.700 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 257605131

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 4844691297067063424

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 4844691297067063424

System

TOI-451

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.840 R⊕ · percentile 82 / cohort 1176

Mass 4.700 M⊕ · percentile 92 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 1.86 d · percentile 11 / cohort 1164

Distance 123.74 pc · percentile 19 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.183 · percentile 9 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

1.859 days

Semi-major axis

0.0274 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

88.70 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 1.86 Earth days (0.5% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0274 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.040 %

Duration

2.059 h

Impact parameter b

0.160

Rp / R★

0.019830

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,460,312.4427

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 396 ppm lasting ≈ 2.06 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.019830

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

6.950

Impact parameter (b)

0.160

RV semi-amplitude (K)

2.600 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,460,312.4427

Long. of periastron (ω)

90.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.22100

Eq. Temperature

1,474K

(1201 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

786.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.183

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Newton et al. 2021

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2021-02

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2020 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

TOI-700 d · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-237 b · Super-Earth TOI-700 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-1266 c · Super-Earth LTT 3780 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-700 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-776 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-942 c · Neptune-like TOI-776 b · Super-Earth TOI-1266 b · Sub-Neptune TOI-540 b · Rocky Terrestrial LHS 1815 b · Rocky Terrestrial

Host System: TOI-451

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,490 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

0.12 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.850 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.930 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.02

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.530 dex

Stellar density

1.840 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

19.87 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

8.70 km/s

Rotation period

5.10 days

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

123.74 parsec

Light-years 403.58 ly

V-band magnitude

10.94 mag

Voyager-speed travel 7,117,171 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

8.053 mas

Total Proper Motion

16.668 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-11.17 mas/yr

PM Declination

12.37 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.358 · y = 0.702 · z = -0.615

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 62.96639° · Dec -37.93973°

Galactic ℓ, b

240.548° · -46.930°

Ecliptic λ, β

48.128° · -57.515°

HTM-20 index

1709022690