Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2025

TOI-4961 b

A gas giant orbiting the g-type yellow (sun-like) TOI-4961, located approximately 695.0 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 12.34 Earth radii
  • A mass of 572.09 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 3.76 g
  • An orbital period of 7.479 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0726 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 919 K (646 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 694.95 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.175
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 12,255,449 years

TOI-4961 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
12.34 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
1.101 R♃
Mass
572.09 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
1.800 M♃
Density
1.67 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
3.76 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.175
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1339of 1771

top 75.6%

This planet

12.34R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-4961 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.0012.3411.21
Mass (M⊕)1.00572.09317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.511.671.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.003.762.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00115.000.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 572.091 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 420202798

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 6056675572727076736

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 6056675572727076736

System

TOI-4961

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 12.341 R⊕ · percentile 24 / cohort 1771
Mass 572.091 M⊕ · percentile 52 / cohort 1747
Orbital period 7.48 d · percentile 42 / cohort 1533
Distance 213.07 pc · percentile 52 / cohort 1759
ESI 0.175 · percentile 38 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
7.479 days
Semi-major axis
0.0726 AU
Eccentricity
0.182
Inclination
88.11 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 7.48 Earth days (2.0% of a terrestrial year) on a mildly elliptical path at a mean orbital distance of 0.0726 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

1.541 %

Duration

3.528 h

Impact parameter b

0.639

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,884.8208

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 15,410 ppm lasting ≈ 3.53 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

17.150

Impact parameter (b)

0.639

RV semi-amplitude (K)

202.000 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,884.8208

Long. of periastron (ω)

-126.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.34100

Eq. Temperature

919K

(646 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

115.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.175

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Yee et al. 2025

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2025-07

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-4961

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,380 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

8.00 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.912 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.912 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.21

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.479 dex

Stellar density

1.700 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
213.07 parsec
Light-years 694.95 ly
V-band magnitude
12.49 mag
Voyager-speed travel 12,255,449 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

9.713.413.43B12.49V12.27Gaia11.66TESS10.79J10.39H10.30K10.19W110.26W210.55W39.67W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

4.665 mas

Total Proper Motion

18.240 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

2.97 mas/yr

PM Declination

-18.00 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.490 · y = -0.109 · z = -0.865

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 192.50186° · Dec -59.89193°

Galactic ℓ, b

302.752° · 2.979°

Ecliptic λ, β

222.175° · -48.634°

HTM-20 index

1130559911

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