Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.43 Earth radii
A mass of 2.62 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.29 g
An orbital period of 9.310 days
Semi-major axis 0.0883 AU
Equilibrium temperature 913 K (640 °C)
Distance from Earth 2,380.36 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.334
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 41,977,673 years

Kepler-1686 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.43 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.127 R♃

Mass

2.62 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.008 M♃

Density

4.97 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.29 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.334

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2020

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#879of 1176

top 74.7%

This planet

1.43R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

K2-198 c 1.42 R⊕ Kepler-1825 b 1.42 R⊕ Kepler-311 c 1.43 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-1686 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.43	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	2.62	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	4.97	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.29	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	167.20	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 63005636

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2101744552703459712

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2101744552703459712

System

Kepler-1686

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.426 R⊕ · percentile 25 / cohort 1176

Mass 2.620 M⊕ · percentile 24 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 9.31 d · percentile 63 / cohort 1164

Distance 729.82 pc · percentile 63 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.334 · percentile 46 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

9.310 days

Semi-major axis

0.0883 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

88.19 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 9.31 Earth days (2.5% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0883 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.011 %

Duration

3.455 h

Impact parameter b

0.040

Rp / R★

0.010094

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,969.3979

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 115 ppm lasting ≈ 3.46 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.010094

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

21.620

Impact parameter (b)

0.040

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,969.3979

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.12100

Eq. Temperature

913K

(640 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

167.20

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.334

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Armstrong et al. 2021

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2021-07

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2020 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1649 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1701 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1690 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1700 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1684 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1678 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-598 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1661 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1663 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1681 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1672 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1702 b · Super-Earth

Host System: Kepler-1686

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,715 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.37 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.200 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.020 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.08

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.289 dex

Stellar density

0.833 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[M/H]

Distance

729.82 parsec

Light-years 2,380.36 ly

V-band magnitude

13.66 mag

Voyager-speed travel 41,977,673 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

1.341 mas

Total Proper Motion

8.298 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-4.85 mas/yr

PM Declination

6.73 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.273 · y = -0.691 · z = 0.670

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 291.60672° · Dec 42.03598°

Galactic ℓ, b

74.343° · 11.818°

Ecliptic λ, β

306.675° · 62.751°

HTM-20 index

-378034942