Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 2.32 Earth radii
A mass of 6.00 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.11 g
An orbital period of 20.658 days
Semi-major axis 0.1435 AU
Equilibrium temperature 728 K (455 °C)
Distance from Earth 4,166.06 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.358
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 73,468,390 years

Kepler-1951 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

2.32 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.207 R♃

Mass

6.00 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.019 M♃

Density

2.64 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.11 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.358

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2021

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1468of 1978

top 74.2%

This planet

2.32R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-1802 c 2.32 R⊕ Kepler-321 c 2.32 R⊕ Kepler-1208 b 2.32 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-1951 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	2.32	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	6.00	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	2.64	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.11	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	66.27	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 122446866

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2101129032350251904

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2101129032350251904

System

Kepler-1951

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.321 R⊕ · percentile 26 / cohort 1978

Mass 6.000 M⊕ · percentile 25 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 20.66 d · percentile 63 / cohort 1946

Distance 1,277.32 pc · percentile 88 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.358 · percentile 43 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

20.658 days

Semi-major axis

0.1435 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.39 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 20.66 Earth days (5.7% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1435 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.010 %

Duration

8.232 h

Impact parameter b

0.188

Rp / R★

0.008956

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,978.6348

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 98 ppm lasting ≈ 8.23 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.008956

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

17.790

Impact parameter (b)

0.188

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,978.6348

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.11200

Eq. Temperature

728K

(455 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

66.27

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.358

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Valizadegan et al. 2022

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2022-02

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2021 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1816 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1705 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1948 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-196 d · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1853 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1840 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1881 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1858 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1874 b · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1802 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-1749 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1849 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-1951

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,468 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

—

Stellar Radius

1.306 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.923 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.14

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.171 dex

Stellar density

0.250 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

1,277.32 parsec

Light-years 4,166.06 ly

V-band magnitude

14.37 mag

Voyager-speed travel 73,468,390 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.754 mas

Total Proper Motion

6.780 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

6.31 mas/yr

PM Declination

2.48 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.267 · y = -0.715 · z = 0.647

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 290.49991° · Dec 40.28772°

Galactic ℓ, b

72.365° · 11.805°

Ecliptic λ, β

303.844° · 61.340°

HTM-20 index

-1035570095