Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 8.92 Earth radii
A mass of 59.00 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 0.74 g
An orbital period of 4.225 days
Semi-major axis 0.0519 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,111 K (838 °C)
Distance from Earth 2,057.34 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.126
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 36,281,244 years

Kepler-491 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

8.92 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.796 R♃

Mass

59.00 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.186 M♃

Density

0.46 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

0.74 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Neptune-like

ESI Score 0.126

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#96of 574

top 16.6%

This planet

8.92R⊕

Neptune-like median

6.39R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-1746 b 8.94 R⊕ Kepler-890 b 8.89 R⊕ TOI-1232 c 8.88 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-491 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	8.92	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	59.00	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	0.46	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	0.74	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	312.51	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 158388163

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2102468134431912064

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2102468134431912064

System

Kepler-491

Percentile among Neptune-like cohort

Radius 8.920 R⊕ · percentile 83 / cohort 574

Mass 59.000 M⊕ · percentile 77 / cohort 574

Orbital period 4.23 d · percentile 15 / cohort 524

Distance 630.79 pc · percentile 62 / cohort 572

ESI 0.126 · percentile 7 / cohort 574

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

4.225 days

Semi-major axis

0.0519 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.66 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 4.23 Earth days (1.2% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0519 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.756 %

Duration

2.818 h

Impact parameter b

0.015

Rp / R★

0.079478

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,970.5607

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 7,563 ppm lasting ≈ 2.82 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.079478

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

12.379

Impact parameter (b)

0.015

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,970.5607

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.08230

Eq. Temperature

1,111K

(838 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

312.51

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.126

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-491

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,582 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.47 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.030 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.040 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.37

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.420 dex

Stellar density

2.010 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

630.79 parsec

Light-years 2,057.34 ly

V-band magnitude

14.18 mag

Voyager-speed travel 36,281,244 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

1.557 mas

Total Proper Motion

5.586 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-4.25 mas/yr

PM Declination

-3.63 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.218 · y = -0.706 · z = 0.674

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 287.13058° · Dec 42.35015°

Galactic ℓ, b

73.215° · 14.963°

Ecliptic λ, β

299.802° · 64.027°

HTM-20 index

-2037016206