Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 2.92 Earth radii
- A mass of 8.85 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 1.04 g
- An orbital period of 16.085 days
- Semi-major axis 0.1173 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 613 K (340 °C)
- Distance from Earth 2,168.43 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.387
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 38,240,179 years
- Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit
Kepler-709 b Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Sub-Neptune
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#600of 1978
top 30.3%
This planet
2.92R⊕
Sub-Neptune median
2.71R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | Kepler-709 b | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 2.92 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 8.85 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 1.95 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 1.04 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 28.22 | 0.037 |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
TIC
TIC 63122858
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 2125730982977974016
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 2125730982977974016
System
Kepler-709
Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts approximately 16.09 Earth days (4.4% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1173 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.156 %
Duration
3.566 h
Impact parameter b
0.107
Rp / R★
0.035333
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,455,013.2808
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 1,559 ppm lasting ≈ 3.57 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.035333
Semi-major axis / stellar radius
35.500
Impact parameter (b)
0.107
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,455,013.2808
Angular separation (arcsec)
0.17600
Eq. Temperature
613K
(340 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
28.22
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.387
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Morton et al. 2016Instrument
Kepler CCD Array
Publication
2016-05
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).
Host System: Kepler-709
Spectral Class
K-type orange
Effective Temperature
5,071 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
4.90 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)
Stellar Radius
0.770 R☉
Stellar Mass
0.800 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
-0.08
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.580 dex
Stellar density
3.270 g/cm³
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
1.476 mas
Total Proper Motion
8.112 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
6.65 mas/yr
PM Declination
4.65 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.278 · y = -0.684 · z = 0.674
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 292.10527° · Dec 42.38031°
Galactic ℓ, b
74.825° · 11.638°
Ecliptic λ, β
307.686° · 62.957°
HTM-20 index
-362635408
Similar Worlds
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Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
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KOBE-1 b
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K2-266 d
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HD 15906 c
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TOI-125 d
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
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Kepler-1731 b
Sub-Neptune · K-type orange
Radius 2.93 R⊕ · 554.3 ly