Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.33 Earth radii
A mass of 2.33 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.32 g
An orbital period of 8.038 days
Semi-major axis 0.0719 AU
Equilibrium temperature 744 K (471 °C)
Distance from Earth 1,598.16 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.422
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 28,183,628 years

Kepler-931 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.33 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.119 R♃

Mass

2.33 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.007 M♃

Density

5.44 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.32 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.422

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1022of 1176

top 86.8%

This planet

1.33R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-393 c 1.33 R⊕ Kepler-286 d 1.33 R⊕ Kepler-220 e 1.33 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-931 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.33	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	2.33	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	5.44	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.32	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	72.44	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 272945038

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2078696001543253248

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2078696005850500608

System

Kepler-931

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.330 R⊕ · percentile 11 / cohort 1176

Mass 2.330 M⊕ · percentile 11 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 8.04 d · percentile 57 / cohort 1164

Distance 490.00 pc · percentile 46 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.422 · percentile 64 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

8.038 days

Semi-major axis

0.0719 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

86.29 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 8.04 Earth days (2.2% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0719 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.029 %

Duration

2.787 h

Impact parameter b

0.112

Rp / R★

0.015356

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,972.3564

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 287 ppm lasting ≈ 2.79 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.015356

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

22.250

Impact parameter (b)

0.112

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,972.3564

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.14700

Eq. Temperature

744K

(471 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

72.44

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.422

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-931

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,241 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.68 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.810 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.860 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.01

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.550 dex

Stellar density

3.224 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

490.00 parsec

Light-years 1,598.16 ly

V-band magnitude

14.64 mag

Voyager-speed travel 28,183,628 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Total Proper Motion

10.234 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

2.05 mas/yr

PM Declination

10.03 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.335 · y = -0.653 · z = 0.679

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 297.13269° · Dec 42.76829°

Galactic ℓ, b

76.925° · 8.543°

Ecliptic λ, β

315.470° · 61.992°

HTM-20 index

1598660097