Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.47 Earth radii
A mass of 2.75 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.28 g
An orbital period of 4.803 days
Semi-major axis 0.0314 AU
Equilibrium temperature 404 K (131 °C)
Distance from Earth 121.40 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.716
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 2,140,857 years
Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

TOI-1680 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.47 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.131 R♃

Mass

2.75 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.009 M♃

Density

4.80 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.28 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.716

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2023

Method Transit

Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)

Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#817of 1176

top 69.4%

This planet

1.47R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

TOI-1798.02 1.46 R⊕ HD 93963 A b 1.47 R⊕ Kepler-137 b 1.47 R⊕

Metric	Earth	TOI-1680 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.47	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	2.75	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	4.80	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.28	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	4.41	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 259168516

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2242756094328104576

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2242756094328104576

System

TOI-1680

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.466 R⊕ · percentile 31 / cohort 1176

Mass 2.750 M⊕ · percentile 29 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 4.80 d · percentile 39 / cohort 1164

Distance 37.22 pc · percentile 8 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.716 · percentile 86 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

4.803 days

Semi-major axis

0.0314 AU

Eccentricity

—

Inclination

89.58 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 4.80 Earth days (1.3% of a terrestrial year) at a mean orbital distance of 0.0314 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.407 %

Duration

1.186 h

Impact parameter b

0.230

Rp / R★

0.063800

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,013.8425

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 4,070 ppm lasting ≈ 1.19 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.063800

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

32.040

Impact parameter (b)

0.230

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,013.8425

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.84500

Eq. Temperature

404K

(131 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

4.41

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.716

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Ghachoui et al. 2023

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2023-07

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2023 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

TOI-700 e · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-2095 c · Super-Earth TOI-715 b · Super-Earth TOI-2095 b · Super-Earth TOI-2096 c · Super-Earth TOI-2096 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-904 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-1470 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-198 b · Super-Earth TOI-244 b · Super-Earth TOI-4184 b · Sub-Neptune TOI-904 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: TOI-1680

Spectral Class

M-type red dwarf

Effective Temperature

3,225 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

—

Stellar Radius

0.211 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.180 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.04

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

5.046 dex

Stellar density

27.200 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

-34.30 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

37.22 parsec

Light-years 121.40 ly

V-band magnitude

15.87 mag

Voyager-speed travel 2,140,857 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 10 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

26.838 mas

Total Proper Motion

142.999 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

56.57 mas/yr

PM Declination

-131.33 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.155 · y = -0.377 · z = 0.913

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 292.31398° · Dec 65.97380°

Galactic ℓ, b

97.468° · 20.913°

Ecliptic λ, β

6.539° · 81.048°

HTM-20 index

-1338643828