Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2023

TOI-2096 c

A super-earth orbiting the m-type red dwarf TOI-2096, located approximately 158.1 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 1.91 Earth radii
  • A mass of 4.32 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.18 g
  • An orbital period of 6.388 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0400 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 349 K (76 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 158.12 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.736
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 2,788,505 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

1 sibling around TOI-2096

TOI-2096 c shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
TOI-2096 b Rocky Terrestrial 1.24 2.08 3.119 445 2023
TOI-2096 c this Super-Earth 1.91 4.32 6.388 349 2023

TOI-2096 c Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
1.91 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.171 R♃
Mass
4.32 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.014 M♃
Density
3.39 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.18 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.736
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2023
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#113of 1176

top 9.5%

This planet

1.91R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-2096 c Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.001.9111.21
Mass (M⊕)1.004.32317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.513.391.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.182.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.003.700.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 142748283

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 1126422935076082176

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 1126422935076082176

System

TOI-2096

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.914 R⊕ · percentile 90 / cohort 1176
Mass 4.320 M⊕ · percentile 83 / cohort 1176
Orbital period 6.39 d · percentile 49 / cohort 1164
Distance 48.48 pc · percentile 11 / cohort 1171
ESI 0.736 · percentile 86 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
6.388 days
Semi-major axis
0.0400 AU
Eccentricity
0.100
Inclination
89.56 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 6.39 Earth days (1.7% of a terrestrial year) on a mildly elliptical path at a mean orbital distance of 0.0400 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.636 %

Duration

1.354 h

Impact parameter b

0.280

Rp / R★

0.074700

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,147.4598

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 6,360 ppm lasting ≈ 1.35 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.074700

Impact parameter (b)

0.280

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,147.4598

Long. of periastron (ω)

200.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.82500

Eq. Temperature

349K

(76 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

3.70

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.736

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — liquid water is physically possible with adequate atmospheric pressure. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Pozuelos et al. 2023

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2023-03

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-2096

Spectral Class

M-type red dwarf

Effective Temperature

3,300 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.00 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.235 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.231 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.03

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

5.050 dex

Stellar density

23.900 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
48.48 parsec
Light-years 158.12 ly
V-band magnitude
15.92 mag
Voyager-speed travel 2,788,505 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

9.417.917.86B15.92V14.77Gaia13.48TESS11.88J11.30H11.02K10.87W110.67W210.50W39.39W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

20.598 mas

Total Proper Motion

79.501 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-26.04 mas/yr

PM Declination

-75.11 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.230 · y = 0.124 · z = 0.965

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 151.61870° · Dec 74.82721°

Galactic ℓ, b

135.574° · 37.970°

Ecliptic λ, β

114.809° · 56.721°

HTM-20 index

-977591702

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