Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.48 Earth radii
A mass of 2.78 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.27 g
An orbital period of 11.220 days
Semi-major axis 0.0680 AU
Distance from Earth 11.49 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.896
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 202,543 years
Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

Gl 725 A b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.48 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.132 R♃

Mass

2.78 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.009 M♃

Density

4.71 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.27 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.896

HZ Position Unknown

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2025

Method Radial Velocity

Facility Multiple Observatories

Telescope Multiple Telescopes

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#784of 1176

top 66.6%

This planet

1.48R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-123 c 1.48 R⊕ Kepler-1275 b 1.48 R⊕ Kepler-208 e 1.48 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Gl 725 A b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.48	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	2.78	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	4.71	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.27	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	—	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Minimum mass (M sin i)	2.780 M⊕	Lower bound from radial-velocity fitting.

Star Catalogue Identifiers

HD 173739

HIP

HIP 91768

TIC

TIC 359676790

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2154880616773521408

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2154880616774131840

System

Gl 725

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.480 R⊕ · percentile 32 / cohort 1176

Mass 2.780 M⊕ · percentile 30 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 11.22 d · percentile 68 / cohort 1164

Distance 3.52 pc · percentile 0 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.896 · percentile 97 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

11.220 days

Semi-major axis

0.0680 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

— °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 11.22 Earth days (3.1% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0680 AU.

Eq. Temperature

—

Insolation (S⊕)

—

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.896

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Insufficient insolation data. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Cort & Eacute S Zuleta et al. 2025

Instrument

Multiple Instruments

Publication

2025-01

Observation locale

Ground

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2025 at Multiple Observatories (12 shown).

HD 20794 f · Sub-Neptune GJ 3998 d · Sub-Neptune GJ 251 c · Super-Earth HD 86728 b · Sub-Neptune TOI-2015 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-139 f · Neptune-like HD 73344 d · Gas Giant TOI-1472 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-6695 c · Gas Giant AT2021ueyL b · Gas Giant HIP 111909 b · Gas Giant TOI-6041 c · Gas Giant

Host System: Gl 725 A

Spectral Class

M-type red dwarf

Effective Temperature

3,433 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

6.20 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.351 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.330 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.19

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.870 dex

Stellar density

11.110 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

-0.80 km/s

Rotation period

103.10 days

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

3.52 parsec

Light-years 11.49 ly

V-band magnitude

8.94 mag

Voyager-speed travel 202,543 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 8 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

283.949 mas

Total Proper Motion

2,221.040 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-1,311.91 mas/yr

PM Declination

1,792.18 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.094 · y = -0.497 · z = 0.863

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 280.68343° · Dec 59.63811°

Galactic ℓ, b

89.295° · 24.238°

Ecliptic λ, β

309.790° · 81.581°

HTM-20 index

-1905725463

Observation Record

Photometric series

Stellar spectra

Archive notes