Key parameters at a glance
- A radius of 1.28 Earth radii
- A mass of 3.07 Earth masses
- Surface gravity around 1.87 g
- An orbital period of 0.490 days
- Semi-major axis 0.0113 AU
- Equilibrium temperature 1,862 K (1589 °C)
- Distance from Earth 106.22 light-years
- Earth Similarity Index 0.142
- Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 1,873,268 years
- Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit
2 siblings around TOI-431
TOI-431 b shares its host star with 2 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.
TOI-431 b Planet Profile
Physical Specs
Classification
Planet Type
Super-Earth
Discovery
Size rank in cohort
Rank by radius
#1117of 1176
top 94.9%
This planet
1.28R⊕
Super-Earth median
1.60R⊕
Nearest-size peers
| Metric | Earth | TOI-431 b | Jupiter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Radius (R⊕) | 1.00 | 1.28 | 11.21 |
| Mass (M⊕) | 1.00 | 3.07 | 317.83 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 5.51 | 8.00 | 1.33 |
| Surface Gravity (g) | 1.00 | 1.87 | 2.53 |
| Insolation (S⊕) | 1.00 | 2,120.45 | 0.037 |
Alternative Mass Estimates
| Method | Value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Best measured mass | 3.070 M⊕ | Direct mass measurement (not derived). |
Star Catalogue Identifiers
HIP
HIP 26013
TIC
TIC 31374837
Gaia DR2
Gaia DR2 2908664557091200768
Gaia DR3
Gaia DR3 2908664557091200768
System
TOI-431
Percentile among Super-Earth cohort
Orbit & Habitability
Orbital Dynamics
Year Length
A year here lasts roughly 11.8 hours long on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0113 AU.
Transit Fingerprint
Depth
0.029 %
Duration
1.012 h
Impact parameter b
0.340
Rp / R★
0.016000
Transit midpoint (BJD)
2,458,627.5380
Photometric dip
Transit produces a flux drop of 291 ppm lasting ≈ 1.01 h.
Extended Orbital Architecture
Planet / star radius ratio
0.016000
Semi-major axis / stellar radius
3.420
Impact parameter (b)
0.340
RV semi-amplitude (K)
2.880 m/s
Transit mid-time (BJD)
2,458,627.5380
Long. of periastron (ω)
0.00°
Angular separation (arcsec)
0.34700
Eq. Temperature
1,862K
(1589 °C)
Insolation (S⊕)
2,120.45
Earth = 1.00
Earth Similarity (ESI)
0.142
0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical
Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.
Detection Signatures
Transit photometry
A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.
Radial velocity
Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.
Transit timing variations
Gravitational interactions from neighbours have been detected.
Discovery Paper
Primary reference
Osborn et al. 2021Instrument
TESS CCD Array
Publication
2021-10
Observation locale
Space
Discovery cohort
Planets confirmed in 2021 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).
Host System: TOI-431
Spectral Class
K-type orange
Effective Temperature
4,850 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)
Estimated Age
—
Stellar Radius
0.731 R☉
Stellar Mass
0.780 M☉
Metallicity [Fe/H]
0.20
Extended Stellar Properties
Surface gravity (log g)
4.600 dex
Stellar density
2.940 g/cm³
Rotational v·sin i
2.50 km/s
Rotation period
30.50 days
Metallicity ratio
[Fe/H]
Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands
Astrometric Data
Parallax
30.675 mas
Total Proper Motion
151.700 mas/yr
PM Right Ascension
16.80 mas/yr
PM Declination
150.77 mas/yr
Galactic Cartesian (pc)
x = 0.105 · y = 0.887 · z = -0.450
Equatorial (J2000)
RA 83.26925° · Dec -26.72387°
Galactic ℓ, b
230.329° · -28.137°
Ecliptic λ, β
80.634° · -49.945°
HTM-20 index
556649667
Similar Worlds
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