Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 3.51 Earth radii
A mass of 12.10 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 0.98 g
An orbital period of 7.212 days
Semi-major axis 0.0770 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,025 K (752 °C)
Distance from Earth 5,652.61 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.212
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 99,683,765 years

1 sibling around Kepler-234

Kepler-234 c shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet	Type	Radius (R⊕)	Mass (M⊕)	Period (d)	Eq. T (K)	Year
Kepler-234 b	Sub-Neptune	3.70	13.20	2.712	1,420	2014
Kepler-234 c this	Sub-Neptune	3.51	12.10	7.212	1,025	2014

Kepler-234 c Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

3.51 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.313 R♃

Mass

12.10 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.038 M♃

Density

1.54 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

0.98 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.212

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2014

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#176of 1978

top 8.8%

This planet

3.51R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-94 b 3.51 R⊕ TIC 434398831 b 3.51 R⊕ Kepler-92 b 3.51 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-234 c	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	3.51	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	12.10	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	1.54	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	0.98	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	273.30	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 137318075

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2052688467040906624

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2052688467040906624

System

Kepler-234

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.510 R⊕ · percentile 91 / cohort 1978

Mass 12.100 M⊕ · percentile 84 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 7.21 d · percentile 23 / cohort 1946

Distance 1,733.10 pc · percentile 96 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.212 · percentile 9 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

7.212 days

Semi-major axis

0.0770 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.95 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 7.21 Earth days (2.0% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0770 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.095 %

Duration

4.039 h

Impact parameter b

0.160

Rp / R★

0.028255

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,005.8166

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 950 ppm lasting ≈ 4.04 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.028255

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

14.003

Impact parameter (b)

0.160

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,005.8166

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.04440

Eq. Temperature

1,025K

(752 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

273.30

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.212

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Rowe et al. 2014

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2014-03

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2014 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-186 e · Super-Earth Kepler-395 c · Super-Earth Kepler-220 e · Super-Earth Kepler-249 d · Super-Earth Kepler-296 f · Super-Earth Kepler-367 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-296 e · Super-Earth Kepler-155 c · Sub-Neptune Kepler-138 d · Super-Earth Kepler-333 c · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-331 d · Super-Earth Kepler-267 d · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-234

Spectral Class

F-type yellow-white

Effective Temperature

6,224 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

2.88 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.113 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.129 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.22

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.421 dex

Stellar density

0.750 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

1,733.10 parsec

Light-years 5,652.61 ly

V-band magnitude

15.75 mag

Voyager-speed travel 99,683,765 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.549 mas

Total Proper Motion

3.502 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

2.63 mas/yr

PM Declination

2.31 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.289 · y = -0.727 · z = 0.622

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 291.65354° · Dec 38.49466°

Galactic ℓ, b

71.126° · 10.214°

Ecliptic λ, β

304.521° · 59.366°

HTM-20 index

2086655211