Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2021

TOI-220 b

A sub-neptune orbiting the k-type orange TOI-220, located approximately 296.0 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 3.03 Earth radii
  • A mass of 13.80 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.50 g
  • An orbital period of 10.695 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0891 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 805 K (532 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 295.95 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.307
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 5,219,159 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

TOI-220 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
3.03 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.270 R♃
Mass
13.80 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.043 M♃
Density
2.73 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.50 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.307
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2021
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#491of 1978

top 24.8%

This planet

3.03R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth TOI-220 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.003.0311.21
Mass (M⊕)1.0013.80317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.731.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.502.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00137.730.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 13.800 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 150098860

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5481210874877547904

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5481210874877547904

System

TOI-220

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.030 R⊕ · percentile 75 / cohort 1978
Mass 13.800 M⊕ · percentile 90 / cohort 1978
Orbital period 10.70 d · percentile 37 / cohort 1946
Distance 90.74 pc · percentile 19 / cohort 1975
ESI 0.307 · percentile 30 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
10.695 days
Semi-major axis
0.0891 AU
Eccentricity
0.032
Inclination
87.88 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 10.70 Earth days (2.9% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0891 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.093 %

Duration

2.239 h

Impact parameter b

0.836

Rp / R★

0.032350

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,458,335.9020

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 928 ppm lasting ≈ 2.24 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.032350

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

22.330

Impact parameter (b)

0.836

RV semi-amplitude (K)

4.560 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,458,335.9020

Long. of periastron (ω)

248.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.98200

Eq. Temperature

805K

(532 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

137.73

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.307

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Hoyer et al. 2021

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2021-08

Observation locale

Space

Host System: TOI-220

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

5,298 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

10.10 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.858 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.825 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

-0.22

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.370 dex

Stellar density

1.847 g/cm³

Systemic radial velocity

26.46 km/s

Rotational v·sin i

2.90 km/s

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
90.74 parsec
Light-years 295.95 ly
V-band magnitude
10.47 mag
Voyager-speed travel 5,219,159 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

8.411.311.29B10.47V10.19Gaia9.69TESS9.03J8.63H8.54K8.48W18.53W28.38W38.53W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

10.992 mas

Total Proper Motion

70.644 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-17.82 mas/yr

PM Declination

-68.36 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = -0.015 · y = 0.469 · z = -0.883

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 91.79970° · Dec -61.99721°

Galactic ℓ, b

271.185° · -28.866°

Ecliptic λ, β

100.523° · -85.371°

HTM-20 index

1299241049

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