Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2023

TOI-4010 b

A sub-neptune orbiting the k-type orange TOI-4010, located approximately 578.9 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 3.02 Earth radii
  • A mass of 11.00 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.21 g
  • An orbital period of 1.348 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.0229 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 1,441 K (1168 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 578.94 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.157
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 10,209,605 years
  • Almost certainly tidally locked to its host star given the close orbit

3 siblings around TOI-4010

TOI-4010 b shares its host star with 3 other confirmed planets. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
TOI-4010 b this Sub-Neptune 3.02 11.00 1.348 1,441 2023
TOI-4010 c Neptune-like 5.93 20.31 5.415 907 2023
TOI-4010 d Neptune-like 6.18 38.15 14.709 650 2023
TOI-4010 e Gas Giant 13.30 692.00 762.000 174 2023

TOI-4010 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
3.02 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.269 R♃
Mass
11.00 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.035 M♃
Density
2.20 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.21 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.157
HZ Position Inner
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2023
Method Transit
Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#502of 1978

top 25.3%

This planet

3.02R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-1550 b 3.02 R⊕ Kepler-248 b 3.02 R⊕ Kepler-1112 b 3.02 R⊕
Metric Earth TOI-4010 b Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.003.0211.21
Mass (M⊕)1.0011.00317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.201.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.212.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.00714.000.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method Value Interpretation
Best measured mass 11.000 M⊕ Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 352682207

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 525352325110310400

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 525352325110310400

System

TOI-4010

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 3.020 R⊕ · percentile 74 / cohort 1978
Mass 11.000 M⊕ · percentile 80 / cohort 1978
Orbital period 1.35 d · percentile 1 / cohort 1946
Distance 177.50 pc · percentile 27 / cohort 1975
ESI 0.157 · percentile 3 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
1.348 days
Semi-major axis
0.0229 AU
Eccentricity
0.030
Inclination
88.10 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 1.35 Earth days (0.4% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0229 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.121 %

Duration

1.770 h

Impact parameter b

0.190

Rp / R★

0.033000

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,007.5490

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 1,206 ppm lasting ≈ 1.77 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.033000

Impact parameter (b)

0.190

RV semi-amplitude (K)

6.900 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,007.5490

Long. of periastron (ω)

0.00°

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.12900

Eq. Temperature

1,441K

(1168 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

714.00

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.157

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched. Close-orbiting tidally-locked around a cool host.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Kunimoto et al. 2023

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2023-07

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2023 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

TOI-700 e · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-2095 c · Super-Earth TOI-715 b · Super-Earth TOI-2095 b · Super-Earth TOI-2096 c · Super-Earth TOI-1680 b · Super-Earth TOI-2096 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-904 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-1470 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-198 b · Super-Earth TOI-244 b · Super-Earth TOI-4184 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: TOI-4010

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

4,960 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

6.10 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.830 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.880 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.37

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.540 dex

Stellar density

1.652 g/cm³

Rotational v·sin i

1.30 km/s

Rotation period

37.70 days

Activity index (log R'HK)

-4.900

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
177.50 parsec
Light-years 578.94 ly
V-band magnitude
12.29 mag
Voyager-speed travel 10,209,605 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 11 bands

8.713.413.38B12.29V12.12Gaia11.52TESS10.65J10.25H10.16K10.05W110.14W29.93W38.66W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

5.605 mas

Total Proper Motion

43.662 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

38.62 mas/yr

PM Declination

-20.38 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.381 · y = 0.140 · z = 0.914

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 20.21482° · Dec 66.07220°

Galactic ℓ, b

125.913° · 3.371°

Ecliptic λ, β

52.281° · 51.525°

HTM-20 index

-1102041226

Similar Worlds

Kepler-248 b

Sub-Neptune · K-type orange

Radius 3.02 R⊕ · 2,409.6 ly

HD 216520 c

Sub-Neptune · K-type orange

Radius 3.03 R⊕ · 63.8 ly

TOI-1246 b

Sub-Neptune · K-type orange

Radius 3.01 R⊕ · 552.6 ly

Kepler-245 d

Sub-Neptune · K-type orange

Radius 3.03 R⊕ · 2,809.9 ly

TOI-220 b

Sub-Neptune · K-type orange

Radius 3.03 R⊕ · 296.0 ly

HD 3167 c

Sub-Neptune · K-type orange

Radius 3.00 R⊕ · 154.2 ly

Explore Related Categories

Sub-Neptune Planets Transit Discoveries Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Mission K-type orange Hosts