Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 13.16 Earth radii
A mass of 533.95 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 3.08 g
An orbital period of 2.351 days
Semi-major axis 0.0339 AU
Equilibrium temperature 1,544 K (1271 °C)
Earth Similarity Index 0.092

TOI-2977 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

13.16 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

1.174 R♃

Mass

533.95 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

1.680 M♃

Density

1.28 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

3.08 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Gas Giant

ESI Score 0.092

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2023

Method Transit

Facility Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)

Telescope 0.1 m TESS Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#902of 1771

top 50.9%

This planet

13.16R⊕

Gas Giant median

13.52R⊕

Nearest-size peers

WASP-46 b 13.16 R⊕ HATS-30 b 13.17 R⊕ Kepler-670 b 13.18 R⊕

Metric	Earth	TOI-2977 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	13.16	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	533.95	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	1.28	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	3.08	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	947.80	0.037

Alternative Mass Estimates

Method	Value	Interpretation
Best measured mass	533.952 M⊕	Direct mass measurement (not derived).

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 361343239

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 5305241494923209856

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 5305241494923209856

System

TOI-2977

Percentile among Gas Giant cohort

Radius 13.159 R⊕ · percentile 49 / cohort 1771

Mass 533.952 M⊕ · percentile 50 / cohort 1747

Orbital period 2.35 d · percentile 10 / cohort 1533

ESI 0.092 · percentile 24 / cohort 1771

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

2.351 days

Semi-major axis

0.0339 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.19 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 2.35 Earth days (0.6% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0339 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

1.265 %

Duration

2.934 h

Impact parameter b

0.097

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,459,373.8368

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 12,650 ppm lasting ≈ 2.93 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

6.806

Impact parameter (b)

0.097

RV semi-amplitude (K)

266.000 m/s

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,459,373.8368

Eq. Temperature

1,544K

(1271 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

947.80

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.092

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the dayside is scorched.

Detection Signatures

Transit photometry

A transit dip has been observed from at least one telescope.

Radial velocity

Stellar wobble has been measured spectroscopically.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Yee et al. 2023

Instrument

TESS CCD Array

Publication

2023-03

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2023 at Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (12 shown).

TOI-700 e · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-2095 c · Super-Earth TOI-715 b · Super-Earth TOI-2095 b · Super-Earth TOI-2096 c · Super-Earth TOI-1680 b · Super-Earth TOI-2096 b · Rocky Terrestrial TOI-904 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-1470 c · Sub-Neptune TOI-198 b · Super-Earth TOI-244 b · Super-Earth TOI-4184 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: TOI-2977

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,691 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

9.80 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.073 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.936 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.01

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.350 dex

Stellar density

1.078 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]