Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 1.42 Earth radii
A mass of 2.60 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.29 g
An orbital period of 10.417 days
Semi-major axis 0.0914 AU
Equilibrium temperature 870 K (597 °C)
Distance from Earth 3,219.93 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.352
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 56,783,510 years

Kepler-1231 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

1.42 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.127 R♃

Mass

2.60 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.008 M♃

Density

4.99 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.29 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Super-Earth

ESI Score 0.352

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#884of 1176

top 75.1%

This planet

1.42R⊕

Super-Earth median

1.60R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-763 c 1.42 R⊕ Kepler-1290 b 1.42 R⊕ TOI-286 b 1.42 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-1231 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	1.42	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	2.60	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	4.99	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.29	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	117.52	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 158792743

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2102711882417133952

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2102711882417133952

System

Kepler-1231

Percentile among Super-Earth cohort

Radius 1.420 R⊕ · percentile 24 / cohort 1176

Mass 2.600 M⊕ · percentile 23 / cohort 1176

Orbital period 10.42 d · percentile 66 / cohort 1164

Distance 987.24 pc · percentile 80 / cohort 1171

ESI 0.352 · percentile 51 / cohort 1176

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

10.417 days

Semi-major axis

0.0914 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

89.65 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 10.42 Earth days (2.9% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.0914 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.021 %

Duration

4.187 h

Impact parameter b

0.120

Rp / R★

0.012844

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,454,970.4591

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 210 ppm lasting ≈ 4.19 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.012844

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

19.247

Impact parameter (b)

0.120

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,454,970.4591

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.09260

Eq. Temperature

870K

(597 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

117.52

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.352

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-1231

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,778 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

4.17 Gyr — younger than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.000 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.010 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.06

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.440 dex

Stellar density

1.276 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

987.24 parsec

Light-years 3,219.93 ly

V-band magnitude

14.81 mag

Voyager-speed travel 56,783,510 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.984 mas

Total Proper Motion

9.347 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-9.17 mas/yr

PM Declination

-1.82 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.235 · y = -0.698 · z = 0.677

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 288.58829° · Dec 42.60566°

Galactic ℓ, b

73.903° · 14.081°

Ecliptic λ, β

302.320° · 63.973°

HTM-20 index

-2008850764