Confirmed Exoplanet Discovered 2023 Habitable Zone

Kepler-1996 c

A sub-neptune orbiting the k-type orange Kepler-1996, located approximately 1,436.9 light-years from Earth.

Key parameters at a glance

  • A radius of 2.81 Earth radii
  • A mass of 8.30 Earth masses
  • Surface gravity around 1.05 g
  • An orbital period of 92.730 days
  • Semi-major axis 0.3608 AU
  • Equilibrium temperature 276 K (3 °C)
  • Distance from Earth 1,436.92 light-years
  • Earth Similarity Index 0.713
  • Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 25,340,015 years

1 sibling around Kepler-1996

Kepler-1996 c shares its host star with 1 other confirmed planet. Side-by-side measurements below.

Planet Type Radius (R⊕) Mass (M⊕) Period (d) Eq. T (K) Year
Kepler-1996 b Sub-Neptune 2.26 5.73 32.376 392 2023
Kepler-1996 c this Sub-Neptune 2.81 8.30 92.730 276 2023

Kepler-1996 c Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius
2.81 R⊕
Radius (Jupiter)
0.251 R♃
Mass
8.30 M⊕
Mass (Jupiter)
0.026 M♃
Density
2.06 g/cm³
Surface Gravity
1.05 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.713
HZ Position Habitable
Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2023
Method Transit
Facility Kepler
Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#732of 1978

top 37.0%

This planet

2.81R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Metric Earth Kepler-1996 c Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)1.002.8111.21
Mass (M⊕)1.008.30317.83
Density (g/cm³)5.512.061.33
Surface Gravity (g)1.001.052.53
Insolation (S⊕)1.001.380.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 164892125

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2107311719368903680

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2107311723669410560

System

Kepler-1996

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.810 R⊕ · percentile 63 / cohort 1978
Mass 8.300 M⊕ · percentile 57 / cohort 1978
Orbital period 92.73 d · percentile 93 / cohort 1946
Distance 440.56 pc · percentile 43 / cohort 1975
ESI 0.713 · percentile 93 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period
92.730 days
Semi-major axis
0.3608 AU
Eccentricity
0.000
Inclination
89.19 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 92.73 Earth days (25.4% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.3608 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.126 %

Duration

6.830 h

Impact parameter b

0.857

Rp / R★

0.038187

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,010.4381

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 1,258 ppm lasting ≈ 6.83 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.038187

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

60.800

Impact parameter (b)

0.857

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,010.4381

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.81900

Eq. Temperature

276K

(3 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

1.38

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.713

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Within the conservative habitable zone — liquid water is physically possible with adequate atmospheric pressure.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Valizadegan et al. 2023

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2023-05

Observation locale

Space

Host System: Kepler-1996

Spectral Class

K-type orange

Effective Temperature

4,580 K — cooler than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

14.00 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

0.675 R☉

Stellar Mass

0.748 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.08

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.641 dex

Stellar density

0.494 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance
440.56 parsec
Light-years 1,436.92 ly
V-band magnitude
15.11 mag
Voyager-speed travel 25,340,015 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

9.215.914.11B15.11V14.87Gaia14.90Kepler14.17TESS15.86Sloan g14.82Sloan r14.49Sloan i14.30Sloan z13.21J12.64H12.53K12.47W112.55W212.15W39.18W4

Astrometric Data

Parallax

2.241 mas

Total Proper Motion

17.707 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

12.17 mas/yr

PM Declination

12.86 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.181 · y = -0.663 · z = 0.726

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 285.25376° · Dec 46.58222°

Galactic ℓ, b

76.776° · 17.798°

Ecliptic λ, β

299.509° · 68.464°

HTM-20 index

-1422437380

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