Key parameters at a glance

A radius of 2.07 Earth radii
A mass of 4.94 Earth masses
Surface gravity around 1.15 g
An orbital period of 13.725 days
Semi-major axis 0.1166 AU
Equilibrium temperature 831 K (558 °C)
Distance from Earth 3,177.16 light-years
Earth Similarity Index 0.326
Travel time at Voyager 1 speed 56,029,282 years

Kepler-654 b Planet Profile

Physical Specs

Radius

2.07 R⊕

Radius (Jupiter)

0.185 R♃

Mass

4.94 M⊕

Mass (Jupiter)

0.016 M♃

Density

3.06 g/cm³

Surface Gravity

1.15 g (Earth)

Classification

Planet Type

Sub-Neptune

ESI Score 0.326

HZ Position Inner

Controversial No

Discovery

Year 2016

Method Transit

Facility Kepler

Telescope 0.95 m Kepler Telescope

Size rank in cohort

Rank by radius

#1860of 1978

top 94.0%

This planet

2.07R⊕

Sub-Neptune median

2.71R⊕

Nearest-size peers

Kepler-988 b 2.07 R⊕ TOI-262 b 2.07 R⊕ Kepler-1396 b 2.07 R⊕

Metric	Earth	Kepler-654 b	Jupiter
Radius (R⊕)	1.00	2.07	11.21
Mass (M⊕)	1.00	4.94	317.83
Density (g/cm³)	5.51	3.06	1.33
Surface Gravity (g)	1.00	1.15	2.53
Insolation (S⊕)	1.00	229.31	0.037

Star Catalogue Identifiers

TIC

TIC 272843763

Gaia DR2

Gaia DR2 2080353416547448320

Gaia DR3

Gaia DR3 2080353416547448320

System

Kepler-654

Percentile among Sub-Neptune cohort

Radius 2.070 R⊕ · percentile 6 / cohort 1978

Mass 4.940 M⊕ · percentile 7 / cohort 1978

Orbital period 13.72 d · percentile 47 / cohort 1946

Distance 974.12 pc · percentile 77 / cohort 1975

ESI 0.326 · percentile 34 / cohort 1978

Orbit & Habitability

Orbital Dynamics

Period

13.725 days

Semi-major axis

0.1166 AU

Eccentricity

0.000

Inclination

85.87 °

Year Length

A year here lasts approximately 13.72 Earth days (3.8% of a terrestrial year) on a nearly circular orbit at a mean orbital distance of 0.1166 AU.

Transit Fingerprint

Depth

0.028 %

Duration

6.930 h

Impact parameter b

0.710

Rp / R★

0.016833

Transit midpoint (BJD)

2,455,013.6464

Photometric dip

Transit produces a flux drop of 282 ppm lasting ≈ 6.93 h.

Extended Orbital Architecture

Planet / star radius ratio

0.016833

Semi-major axis / stellar radius

10.510

Impact parameter (b)

0.710

Transit mid-time (BJD)

2,455,013.6464

Angular separation (arcsec)

0.12000

Eq. Temperature

831K

(558 °C)

Insolation (S⊕)

229.31

Earth = 1.00

Earth Similarity (ESI)

0.326

0 = alien, 1 = Earth-identical

Inside the inner HZ boundary (too hot for liquid water) — the surface is too hot to retain surface water.

Discovery Paper

Primary reference

Morton et al. 2016

Instrument

Kepler CCD Array

Publication

2016-05

Observation locale

Space

Discovery cohort

Planets confirmed in 2016 at Kepler (12 shown).

Kepler-1512 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1410 b · Super-Earth Kepler-560 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1389 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1450 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1544 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1459 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1638 b · Super-Earth Kepler-737 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1185 b · Super-Earth Kepler-1178 b · Rocky Terrestrial Kepler-1040 b · Sub-Neptune

Host System: Kepler-654

Spectral Class

G-type yellow (Sun-like)

Effective Temperature

5,865 K — hotter than the Sun (5,778 K)

Estimated Age

5.37 Gyr — older than the Sun (4.6 Gyr)

Stellar Radius

1.110 R☉

Stellar Mass

1.040 M☉

Metallicity [Fe/H]

0.04

Extended Stellar Properties

Surface gravity (log g)

4.360 dex

Stellar density

0.280 g/cm³

Metallicity ratio

[Fe/H]

Distance

974.12 parsec

Light-years 3,177.16 ly

V-band magnitude

13.76 mag

Voyager-speed travel 56,029,282 yr

Multi-band Host Photometry — 16 bands

Astrometric Data

Parallax

0.998 mas

Total Proper Motion

13.391 mas/yr

PM Right Ascension

-5.23 mas/yr

PM Declination

-12.33 mas/yr

Galactic Cartesian (pc)

x = 0.311 · y = -0.609 · z = 0.729

Equatorial (J2000)

RA 297.06839° · Dec 46.83425°

Galactic ℓ, b

80.510° · 10.553°

Ecliptic λ, β

319.189° · 65.714°

HTM-20 index

1109963608